RATIONALE: The diagnosis of asthma is based on clinical presentation, physical examination and evaluation of lung function. The impulse oscillometry (IOS) is simple to perform and effort-independent. We aimed to evaluate pulmonary function through IOS in pre-school children with asthma. METHODS: Asthmatic patients and controls from 3 to 6 years participated. We used the EISL questionnaire to investigate the presence of wheezing, GINA to classify severity and TRACK questionnaire to assess the frequency of wheezing. Lung function was assessed by IOS with the MasterScreen TM (CareFusion, USA). Resistance values at 5Hz (R5) and 20Hz (R20), reactance at 5Hz (X5), resonance frequency (Fres), reactance area (AX) and bronchodilator response (BD) were registered. RESULTS: We evaluated 224 children (150 asthmatics and 74 controls), 53% male. Among asthmatics, 70% had wheezing in the first year, 87% in the last year, 34% in the last month, 41% were mild, 15% moderate and 44% severe. There was a significant difference of R5% (105[91-124]% vs 97[88-109]%; p50.02), R5-R20 (0.37 vs 0.31 KPa/L/s; p50.07) and BD response (-21 vs -13%; p<0.01) among asthmatics. Wheezing in the last month was associated with an increase in R5 and Fres (p50.01 and p50.04) and maternal smoking during pregnancy had an AX increased (4.5 vs 3.8; p50.02). There was no difference between the age of the first wheezing and values of lung function measured by IOS. No differences were found between asthma severity and IOS values. CONCLUSIONS: IOS seems to be a useful and clinically relevant tool to evaluate lung function in pre-school children with asthma. J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL FEBRUARY 2019 AB12 Abstracts SATURDAY
RATIONALE: To perform an immunologically investigation in children with and without atopy to Der pt sensitization, in search of evidences to better understand the immune imbalance suffered by the allergic children. METHODS: We studied 47 children of both sexes, aged between 6 and 15 years, who were attended for respiratory diseases at the Allergy and Immunology Division, Hospital de Niños, C ordoba city. According with clinical history, and Prick tests they were divided into two groups: Atopics (A) (n 525) and non-atopic(NA)(n 522). Samples of blood and saliva were taken to determine immune globulins concentrations and specific activities.The protocol was approved by a local ethics committee. RESULTS: The total serum IgE levels and the blood eosinophils % were significantly higher in (A) compared to (NA) children. The study of specific serum IgE for Der pt only showed positive results in the A group, and a significant correlation was found between the levels of total and specific IgE. Serum IgG and IgA levels showed no significant differences between both groups. Total salivary IgA concentrations were significantly higher in the group of NA children than in the group of A patients. Surprisingly, the specific salivary IgA for Der pt presented the opposite observation: Atopic patients have nearly twice specific salivary IgA for Der pt than the NA children. CONCLUSIONS: Among all the investigated parameters, the only significant differences found between A and NA children were related to the values of total and specific salivary IgA to the allergen.
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