ResumoContexto: A síndrome de burnout é conseqüente a prolongados níveis de estresse no trabalho e compreende exaustão emocional, distanciamento das relações pessoais e diminuição do sentimento de realização pessoal. Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito da síndrome no Brasil e em outros países, considerando sua prevalência, possíveis fatores de risco para seu desenvolvimento, sua associação com outros transtornos psiquiátricos e conseqüências para o indivíduo e a organização em que trabalha. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica utilizando-se a base de dados da MedLine, SciELO, American Psychiatry Association, EvidenceBased Mental Health, American College of Physicians, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, National Guideline Clearinghouse e da Organização Mundial da Saúde no período compreendido entre 1985 e 2006. Conclusão: A prevalência da síndrome de burnout ainda é incerta, mas dados sugerem que acomete um número significativo de indivíduos, variando de aproximadamente 4% a 85,7%, conforme a população estudada. Pode apresentar comorbidade com alguns transtornos psiquiátricos, como a depressão. Os efeitos do burnout podem prejudicar o profissional em três níveis: individual (físico, mental, profissional e social), profissional (atendimento negligente e lento ao cliente, contato impessoal com colegas de trabalho e/ou pacientes/clientes) e organizacional (conflito com os membros da equipe, rotatividade, absenteísmo, diminuição da qualidade dos serviços). Mais pesquisas devem ser realizadas para que mudanças positivas nas organizações de trabalho sejam baseadas em evidências científicas.Trigo, T.R. et al. / Rev. Psiq. Clín 34 (5); 223-233, 2007 Palavras-chave: Estafa profissional, trabalho, estresse, prevalência, transtornos psiquiátricos. AbstractBackground: Burnout syndrome is consequent of prolonged levels of stress in the work's environment. Objective: The aims of this article are to obtain information about the syndrome's prevalence in Brazil and in other countries, the risk factors responsible for its development, its association with psychiatric disorders and consequences for the individual and for the organization.

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Background: The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) is the most commonly used instrument to assess burnout. Although various factors have been reported to influence its validity, the influence of major depressive disorder (MDD) has not been previously considered. We developed this study to investigate the influence of MDD on the psychometric properties of the MBI-HSS in nursing assistants.Results: From a sample of 521 nursing assistants, we found in those with MDD (n = 138, 24.56%) a degree of data misfit into the model, revealed by non-acceptable values for the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA; 0.073; p = 0.004) and for the comparative fit index (CFI; 0.912), while in the non-MDD group these indices were acceptable and good, respectively, for RMSEA (0.048; p = 0.639) and for CFI (0.951). Also, we found higher coefficients of correlation among MBI-HSS factors and less items loading properly in their respective factors in the MDD subset, when compared to the non-MDD subset. For the total sample, while original 3-factor solution was an acceptable model, the bifactor model fitted data better.Conclusions: MDD may impair the construct validity of MBI-HSS subscales, by increasing measurement error and decreasing model fitness. Therefore, researchers and health professionals should be aware of potential changes in the psychometric properties of the MBI-HSS when applied in subjects with depression.

Background: Burnout, by definition, is related to adverse chronic workplace stressors. Life events outside the workplace have been associated with an increased risk of psychiatric morbidity. However, it is unknown whether life events outside the workplace increase the severity of burnout. Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the association between burnout and life events outside the workplace in nursing assistants. Methods: In an observational, cross-sectional, single-site study of 521 nursing assistants at a university hospital, we assessed burnout with the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey, and life events with the Social Readjustment Rating Scale. We constructed equations of multiple linear regression analyses that included each burnout subscale as the dependent variable and a domain of life events as the independent variable. Results were adjusted for potential confounders, including gender, no religion or faith, years of work, and depression. Results: An increase in the number of life events in the domain of personal changes or difficulties (e.g., personal injury or illness, sexual difficulties, change in recreation, church activities, social activities, sleeping habits, eating habits and revision of personal habits) was associated with increased severity of emotional exhaustion. An increase in the number of life events in the domain of changes in familial situation and in the domains of death of relatives or friends were associated with increased severity of depersonalization. Those associations were independent of work-related life events and other potential confounders. Conclusions: Life events outside the workplace may increase the levels of burnout in nursing assistants.