Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of malignancy in Indian females accounting for 16% of all malignancies. It causes lot of anxiety and emotional stress in the patient. Immunohistochemical panel of markers in breast carcinoma helps to categorize various tumour subtypes, gives valuable information on prognosis and also helps to determine, plan and predict response to therapy. Aims and Objectives: 1. To evaluate the expression of ER, PR, Her2neu, Ki67, CK5/6, EGFR in breast carcinoma to predict and plan therapy. 2. To categorize breast carcinoma based on molecular classication in our hospital. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of 278 cases of Breast Carcinoma obtained by trucut biopsy and Modied Radical mastectomy at Government Kilpauk Medical College was parafn processed and stained using hematoxylin and eosin. The lab reporting was done according to the standard system using College of American Pathologists (CAP) protocol. Immunohistochemistry was done using a panel of markers. Relevant demographic and clinical details of the patient were obtained and studied. Results: In the present study, breast carcinoma is commonly seen in the post menopausal age group. Invasive breast carcinoma (NOS type) is the most common histological variant. Grade 2 is the most common histological grade. Molecular testing showed most of the tumors belonged to Luminal A. CK5/6 and EGFR expression was high in Triple Negative Breast carcinomas. Conclusion: A thorough histomorphological and molecular studies help in understanding the tumour pathology and thereby providing prompt hormonal and targeted therapies improving the patient survival and prognosis.
BACKGROUND: Leiomyoma is one of the most common causes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding. It occurs chiey in women during active reproductive years. It has a lot of morphological variants and secondary changes which may mimic malignancy clinically, radiologically and histologically. A few degenerative changes and variants like Atypical and Mitotically active Leiomyoma may be misdiagnosed as malignancy. It is imperative to have a good knowledge of Leiomyosarcoma as the treatment protocol varies. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To analyse the morphological variants and secondary changes in Leiomyoma and to study the associated changes in the endometrium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 420 Hysterectomy specimens with Fibroid received at Govt. Kilpauk medical College, Chennai were studied from January 2018 to January 2020. RESULTS: Leiomyoma was seen in the reproductive age group and menorrhagia was the most common clinical presentation. Hyalinisation was the most common secondary change seen in Leiomyoma and cellular leiomyoma was the most common morphological variant. CONCLUSION:A good comprehensive and accurate knowledge of the morphological variants and secondary changes in Leiomyoma mandatory to avoid misdiagnosis and ensuring optimal patient management.
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