Iatrogenic ureteric injuries have increased markedly during the past two decades. Gynaecological laparoscopic procedures account for more than half of the injuries, and the most common location is the lower ureter. Most injuries are treated by ureteroneocystostomy, but endourological treatment yields acceptable results. To improve the management of ureteric injury there must be a high index of suspicion, especially during laparoscopic operations.
This study indicates that HUCs originating from small tissue biopsies can be cultured in several passages in vitro and could have potential in repairing or restoring urinary tract tissue by tissue engineering therapy. HUCs serve as a good in vitro test platform, as shown by analysing E2-treated HUCs. E2 induced the proliferation of cultured HUCs even though concentration dependency was not observed. The findings of this study may have relevance in determining the mechanisms of estrogen therapy in postmenopausal urinary tract symptoms and in the future development of tissue engineering technology.
In an attempt to develop a gene therapy method for splenic and systemic diseases, an evaluation was made of surgical methods for gene transfer into porcine spleen. We have developed a continuous closed-circuit organ perfusion method for gene transfer into porcine spleen. For gene transfer, we used a type-5 replication defective adenovirus vector expressing the E. coli beta-galactosidase gene as a reporter gene. In eight young 22-35 kg farm pigs, the spleen was perfused in vivo with the viral solution via laparotomy, for 30 or 60 min. Gene transfer was determined visually on histological cryosections after X-gal and PAS staining. Infusion of the viral solution through the splenic artery did not result in gene expression. Perfusion of spleen in vivo resulted in beta-galactosidase reporter gene expression in the macrophages located around capillaries terminating in the perifollicular zone and in the red pulp examined after four days. The present results suggest that the surgically performed spleen perfusion method can be used for gene transfer in the treatment of diseases having splenic manifestations and in systemic diseases.
In an attempt to develop gene therapy for lung diseases, we have explored a closed-circuit surgical perfusion method for gene transfer into the lung. For gene transfer we used a replication defective type 5 adenovirus carrying the E. coli beta-galactosidase gene as a reporter gene. The middle lobe of the right lung of eight young farm pigs was perfused in vivo via thoracotomy for up to 60 min with the viral solution. The gene transfer was performed using a closed-circuit organ perfusion method in vivo. The efficiency of gene transfer was assessed visually by analysis of histologic sections after X-gal, PAS and immunohistochemical stainings. The lung perfusion resulted in transgene expression in the alveolar epithelial cells, capillary endothelial cells, airway epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages of the lung examined seven days after perfusion. The present results suggest that operatively performed closed-circuit warm lung perfusion method may be used for gene transfer in treatment of diseases that have pulmonary manifestations.
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