This paper is based on long term parameter measurements of the exhaust air heat pumps (EAHP) system in a new built apartment building. The building was equipped with an exhaust air ventilation system and exhaust air heat pump for ventilation heat recover. The results of the measurements show that the COP of the EAHP is mainly related to the temperature graph of the heating system and the supply temperature of domestic hot water (DWH). During the measurement period some other impact factors, such as the quality of maintenance, the nighttime temperature graph of the heating system, the reduction of the exhaust air flows in case of low temperatures, mistakes in designing and low building quality, have also played a role. An analysis of energy consumption shows that in winter conditions the COP is about 3.0 and in the transition period about 3.3. The energy recovery value of the EAHP is 0.5.
The paper presents the results of the investigations into the indoor climate and energy efficiency of ventilation devices in residential buildings and nursing homes. The indoor climate studies discussed in the article were conducted in a nursing home where room ventilation is based on Meltem Air Handling Units (AHU). Similar studies have been carried out in apartment buildings where CO2 levels in bedrooms were compared before and after renovating the ventilation with Meltem AHU and installing exhaust fans in the bathroom/WC and kitchen. Tenants evaluate the use of Meltem AHU in apartments very positively. The article presents the efficiency results of Meltem AHU with different external air temperatures conducted in apartments in real-life situations. The study shows that skilful renovation of ventilation in old apartment buildings enables to achieve good indoor climate and energy saving at the same time.
Different solutions of renovating the ventilation in apartment buildings have been researched.The analysis shows that the use of heat recovery in cold climate regions is essential. Central as well as apartment-and room-based solutions with heat recovery have been studied. Balanced ventilation is suitable for small (2 -3-storey) apartment buildings with a suitable room solution for apartments. In larger apartment buildings, the system with the exhaust air heat pump could be used. This is particularly suitable for apartment buildings with mechanical exhaust ventilation. In small apartments, it is most suitable to use room-based air handling units (AHUs) with the recuperative heat exchanger, plus exhaust ventilators in the WC, bathroom and kitchen. The economic indicators of this system are best for two-room apartments. Apartment-based AHUs are suitable for large apartments if there is no opposition from the residents, which is caused by ventilation tubes (ducts) in the apartment. The comparison of the reduced energy cost in case of different AHUs has been presented for small apartment buildings.
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