Plant breeding, associated with other areas, as well as the registration and protection of cultivars, have brought relevant contributions to turn soybean into one of the most important crops for the Brazilian agribusiness. Potential additional soybean descriptors for cultivar protection purposes such as the length of the hypocotyl and epicotyl have been reported in the literature. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the effect of soil volume, plant density per pot and crop and cultivar depth on the length of the hypocotyl and epicotyl and the height of soybean seedlings. The study conducted 4 experiments, in which the length of the hypocotyl and epicotyl and the height of soybean seedlings were evaluated at the V2 and V3 stages. Experimental units were submitted to pots with three volumes of soil (1, 2 or 3 dm3), three quantities of plants per pot (1, 2 or 3), three sowing depths (1, 2 or 3 cm) and four cultivars [TMG 4185, BRSMG 68 (Vencedora), BRS 7980, BRS 8381]. Results showed that soil volume, plant density and sowing depth had no effect on hypocotyl length evaluated at the V2 stage and that sowing depth had no effect on epicotyl length. However, soil volume, plant density, sowing depth and cultivar variations had an influence on plant height, and the soybean cultivars showed distinguishability for hypocotyl and epicotyl length at the V2 and V3 stages, being considered potential soybean descriptors.
As preocupações frente aos impactos ambientais têm aumentado a busca por novas formas de proteção para as plantas. Uma alternativa seria com a ação inseticida de extratos botânicos, que são considerados mais ecológicos. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a mortalidade da praga Anticarsia gemmatalis por ação do extrato etanólico das sementes de Annona atemoya. Os bioensaios de toxicidade foram conduzidos em placa de Petri, no qual foi feita com a aplicação tópica nas lagartas da solução do extrato etanólico a 1% (m.v-1). Os tratamentos são compostos por quatro doses do extrato etanólico, quatro doses de acetona (testemunhas) e quatro repetições. A mortalidade dos insetos foi avaliada após dez dias. As doses 5,0 e 7,0 µL do extrato causaram as maiores mortalidades com 48,75 e 61,25 %, respectivamente. O resultado obtido no experimento é inédito e demonstra que o extrato botânico etanólico de sementes de atemóia apresenta potencial fitoinseticida sobre lagartas de segundo instar de A. gemmatalis
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