Aim Weight gain during pregnancy is an important indicator in the prediction of morbidity and mortality in infants and mothers. This study aimed to determine the association factors for weight gain during pregnancy. Design A longitudinal study. Methods A total of 734 women were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using demographic and midwifery questionnaires, economic and social status, psychological factors, domestic violence, perceived social support and food insecurity. Results Of participants 28.7%, 49.6% and 21.7%, respectively, received insufficient, adequate and excessive weight gain in pregnancy respectively. Among health determinants entered in the model, mother's age, prepartum body mass index and direct and indirect prenatal care, size of households, food insecurity, stress, anxiety, stress and pregnancy‐specific stress as well as violence had a positive and increasing effect on weight gain during pregnancy. Conclusion Considering the effect of inappropriate weight gain during pregnancy on undesirable pregnancy outcomes, related factors such as nutritional status, stress and depression in prenatal care should be assessed. Healthcare providers should consult, educate pregnant women.

Background: Thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes for both mother and fetus. The present meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate thyroid dysfunction in Iranian pregnant women. Methods: We registered this review at PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020166655). The research steps in this systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the MOOSE protocol, and finally, reports were provided based on the PRISMA guidelines. The literature search was performed in October 2019 using the international online databases, including Web of Science, Ovid, Science Direct, Scopus, EMBASE, PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, CINAHL, Google Scholar as well as national databases were reviewed. Data were extracted after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and qualitative evaluation of the studies. I 2 index and Q test were used to assess differences in studies. All analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software. Pvalue less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. We identified 1261 potential articles from the databases, and 426 articles remained after removing the duplicate and unrelated studies. After evaluating the full text, 52 articles were removed. Results: Finally, 19 eligible studies including 17,670 pregnant women included for meta-analysis. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Iranian pregnant women was 18.10% (95%CI: 13.89-23.25). The prevalence of hypothyroidism, clinical hypothyroidism, and subclinical hypothyroidism in Iranian pregnant women was respectively estimated to be 13.01% (95%CI: 9.15-18.17), 1.35% (95%CI: 0.97-1.86) and 11.90% (95%CI: 7.40-18.57). The prevalence of hyperthyroidism, clinical hyperthyroidism, and subclinical hyperthyroidism in Iranian pregnant women was respectively estimated to be 3.31% (95%CI: 1.62-6.61), 1.06% (95%CI: 0.61-1.84) and 2.56% (95%CI: 0.90-7.05). The prevalence of anti-thyroperoxidase antibody was estimated to be 11.68% (95%CI: 7.92-16.89). Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis showed a high prevalence of thyroid disorders, especially hypothyroidism. The decision to recommend thyroid screening during pregnancy for all women is still under debate, because the positive effects of treatment on pregnancy outcomes must be ensured. On the other hand, evidence about the effect of thyroid screening and treatment of thyroid disorders on pregnancy outcomes is still insufficient. Nevertheless, a large percentage of general practitioners, obstetricians and gynecologists perform screening procedures in Iran.

Background Today, COVID-19 has become the most important health burdenall over the world.Pregnant women are determined as one of the high-risk groups. COVID-19 infection in this group may result in huge damages. This study aimed to report COVID-19 infection in four pregnant women in Ilam, Iran. Findings In the present study, four pregnant women infected with COVID-19 were reported. They were first positive for real-time PCR and then their CT scan werepositive, main clinical parameters of these patients were presented. All of these patients were hospitalized and all of them were treated successfully. Conclusion This study showed although pregnant women were at higher risk of COVID-19 infection, they were treated successfully. This study also reported that receiving the necessary care and treatment atthe hospital for pregnant women can be a good experience.

Introduction A novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The virus, known as COVID-19, is recognized as a potentially life-threatening disease by causing severe respiratory disease. Since this virus has not previously been detected in humans, there is a paucity of information regarding its effects on humans. In addition, only limited or no information exists about its impact during pregnancy. Case presentation In the present case study, we report the death of a neonate born to a 32-year-old mother with coronavirus disease 2019 in Ilam, Iran, with Kurdish ethnicity. We report the infection and death of a neonate in Iran with a chest X-ray (CXR) marked abnormality 2 hours after birth demonstrating coronavirus disease 2019 disease. The neonate was born by elective cesarean section, the fetal health was assessed using fetal heart rate and a non-stress test before the birth, and there was no evidence of fetal distress. All the above-mentioned facts and radiographic abnormalities suggested that coronavirus disease 2019 is involved. Conclusions In this case study, we report the death of a neonate born to a mother with coronavirus disease 2019, 11 hours after birth. There is a paucity of data on the vertical transmission and the adverse maternal-fetal consequences of this disease, so vertical transmission from mother to child remains to be confirmed.

Background and Aim: Preeclampsia is the third leading cause of maternal mortality in the world and the second most common cause of death in pregnant mothers in Iran. Psychosocial aspects have been recently considered as a risk factor for developing preeclampsia. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between psychological factors and the chance of developing preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed based on the studies conducted in the world. We searched seven databases )Irandoc, SID, Magiran, Iranmedex, PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, Cochrane, ISI, and Embace databases), by using keywords of psychological factors, stress, anxiety, depression, and preeclampsia to find relevant articles published between 2008-2018. Data from relevant studies were extracted by two persons separately and evaluated by using the Stroop checklist. After extracting the required data, they were combined using a random model and the heterogeneity of the studies was evaluated by the I2 indices. STATA-11 software was used for data analysis. Results: In the present study 11 articles were analyzed. The total number of samples in the study was 658678. The chances of preeclampsia in individuals with stress, anxiety, depression, and those exposed to violence were estimated to be 1.21, 3.07, 3.04, and 2.37, respectively. Conclusion: Considering the importance of preeclampsia in pregnancy and its impact on maternal and fetal health, basic measures should be taken to prevent it by identifying people at risk and the contributing factors, such as routine screening of psychological factors before and through the pregnancy semesters.