The present study was conducted to identify polymorphisms in CACNA2D1 gene and their association with clinical mastitis and production traits. Exon 18 and its flanking regions were screened for the presence of SNPs. Statistical analysis was performed to identify association of period of birth, breed, and genotype with mastitis incidence on randomly selected 103 Sahiwal and 102 Karan Fries cattle. PCR-RFLP analysis revealed that g.38819398G > A mutation in exon 18 (269 bp amplicon) of CACNA2D1 gene resolved into AA, AG, and GG genotypes in Sahiwal and Karan Fries cattle. Wald chi-square analysis revealed that the period of birth, breed, and genotype were significantly associated with mastitis incidence. GG genotyped cattle were found to be less susceptible to mastitis. Least square analysis revealed that GG and AG genotype animals of G38819398A SNP of CACNA2D1 gene in Sahiwal as well as in Karan Fries cattle were associated with higher average milk yields during 1st, 2nd, and 3rd lactations (P < 0.01). These observations and their differential association with the incidence of mastitis and production traits can be utilized as an aid to selection for simultaneous improvement of both antagonistic traits; however, validation of results on large number of animals is warranted.
The Follicle stimulating hormone beta polypeptide (FSHβ) gene has been investigated as a candidate gene for litter size because of its role in maturation of small and medium follicles into ovulating large follicles. Genes coding follicle stimulating hormone have been found to have significant effects on litter size in pigs. The aim of the study was to investigate the polymorphism of the first intron of FSH-β gene present in Ghungroo, Niang Megha and Nagaland local pigs of India. PCR based short interspersed nuclear elements (SINE) detection method and PCR-RFLP were carried out to identify the polymorphism in FSHβ gene. Significantly higher frequencies of SINE-/- and SINE+/- genotypes were observed in Ghungroo pigs as compared to Niang Megha and Nagaland local pigs. PCR-RFLP study also showed higher frequency of T allele in all the three breeds even though there existed difference in genotypes among breeds. Association studies clearly demonstrated that SINE-/- genotypes have significantly higher litter size and weight at birth as well as at weaning. SINE -/- genotypes have higher number of live births too. Moderately high D' value indicates that haplotypic pattern within the two loci can be utilized for marker assisted selection for litter traits in pigs.
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