BACKGROUND: Mangrove forest is a typical forest found along the coast or river mouth which is affected by tides and salinity. Although polyisoprenoid was widespread in the plant kingdom, the physiological roles of these compounds are not well understood, especially from mangrove plants. It is therefore essential to characterize the polyisoprenoid content under abiotic stress. AIM: This study aimed to determine the effect of salinity and subsequent fresh water change on polyisoprenoids concentration in Bruguiera cylindrica seedlings. METHODS: Bruguiera cylindrica planted in a greenhouse for three months under various salinity concentrations. After three months grew under variable salinity, these seedlings were then divided into two treatment groups, and grown for another three months: one continuously in a salt solution and another in fresh water to relieve salt stress. The leaves and roots of B. cylindrica seedlings were harvested after six months of cultivation. The leaves and roots of B. cylindrica seedlings were extracted for polyisoprenoids content and composition analyzed using two-dimensional thin layer chromatography. RESULTS: Polyisoprenoids composition under salinity and subsequent fresh water with dominating dolichols (more than 90%) were found in leaves and roots of B. cylindrica seedlings referring type I of polyisoprenoid composition. The carbon chain length of dolichols located in the leaves and roots were ranging from C75–C100 and C75–C105, respectively. CONCLUSION: Dolichol dominated over polyprenol both in B. cylindrical leaves and roots under salinity and subsequent relief supported the previous finding on the predominance dolichols over polyprenols in mangrove plants. The present study suggested the significance of dolichols in the adaptation to cope with salt stress and or water stress.
The Faculty of Engineering, Mulawarman University's equipment warehouse is divided into the office-stationery warehouse and the damaged-goods warehouse. Office-stationery warehouse stores office stationery, spare parts, and consumables. Meanwhile, the warehouse for damaged goods stores various damaged goods such as furniture, Personal Computer (PC) components, electronic goods, and laboratory equipment. The problem with the warehouse is that many items need to be better organized so they cannot be classified between furniture items, PC components, electronics, and laboratory equipment. Then another problem is the difficulty in collecting inventory data at the Faculty of Engineering, Mulawarman University. Therefore, this study proposes improvements to the warehouse’s layout that is more efficient in storing goods in the damaged-goods warehouse. The method used in this study is shared storage, where fast-moving goods are stored in a storage area near the entrance and exit. The results from the shared storage method show that the damaged warehouse layout of the Faculty of Engineering, Mulawarman University, could be more optimal, causing ineffectiveness of the movement of goods that occurred in the warehouse was unorganized. The proposed redesign of the warehouse layout shows it is better than the layout. It can be seen from the placement of goods according to their classification and the effective distance between the storage area to the door.
Radiasi elektromagnetik di bawah sinar matahari disebut ultraviolet (UV) yang telah dikenal sebagai faktor utama penyebab kerusakan kulit. Paparan sinar matahari yang berlebih akan mempercepat terjadinya proses photoaging sehingga menyebabkan kelainan pada kulit seperti kulit kemerahan, terbentuknya kerutan, kerusakan jaringan dermis, penurunan elastisitas kulit, penurunan kolagen dan penuaan dini. Sediaan Blemish Balm Cream termasuk kosmetik anti-aging yang dapat dipakai sebagai kosmetik dekoratif yang mampu menghindari efek buruk pada kulit dan dapat dipakai untuk semua jenis kulit. Blemish Balm Cream salah kosmetik wajah yang dirancang dari formula face powder dan foundation cream dengan kandungan Vitamin, UVA dan UVB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat formulasi Blemish Balm Cream dengan variasi konsentrasi vitamin E kombinasi avobenzone, oktil metoksisinamat dan uji pengaruh aktivitas anti-aging. Formulasi Blemish Balm Cream dilakukan dengan metode pencampuran dan metode peleburuan, dimana hasil formula face powder dan formula foundation cream diformulasikan dalam sediaan cream hingga terbentuk menjadi sediaan Blemish Balm Cream. Tiap formula mengandung vitamin E 0%,1%, 3%, 5%, avobenzone 3% dan oktil metoksisinamat 7,5%. Formula sediaan Blemish Balm Cream yang terbentuk dilakukan tahap evaluasi aktivitas anti-aging dengan menggunakan skin analyzer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Formulasi Blemish Balm Cream dengan kandungan vitamin E yang dikombinasi avobenzone dan oktilmetoksisinamat stabil pada suhu kamar, sediaan yang dihasilkan bersifat homogen berwarna kuning kecoklatan, memiliki tipe emulsi bersifat m/a, stabil pada suhu rendah, suhu tinggi dan suhu ruangan, memiliki pH 6,6-7,0 dan stabil dalam uji cyling test. Blemish Balm Cream yang mengandung vitamin E konsentrasi 5% memberikan efek aktivitas anti-aging yang lebih cepat dibandingkan sediaan tanpa kandungan vitamin E. Vitamin E kombinasi avobenzone dan oktil metoksisinamat dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan Blemish Balm Cream dan stabil dalam penyimpanan suhu kamar sehingga mampu memberikan efek aktivitas anti-aging yang baik, tidak mengiritasi kulit sukarealwan dan memberikan perubahan kulit wajah sukarelawan yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya kelembaban kulit, pengecilan pori, pengurangan jumlah noda dan pengurangan keriput.
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