Our findings align to those reported in other studies and point towards pathways that potentially contribute toward pathogenesis in DM1. However, the currently available data is not sufficient for these miRNAs to be made DM1-specific biomarkers because they seem to be common to many muscle pathologies. Hence, they lack specificity, but reinforce the need for further exploration of DM1 biomarkers.
ObjectiveThe lack of epidemiological data and molecular diagnostic services in Malaysia has hampered the setting-up of a comprehensive management plan for patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), leading to delayed diagnosis, treatment and support for patients and families. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of DM1 in the 3 major ethnic groups in Malaysia and evaluate the feasibility of a single tube triplet-primed PCR (TP-PCR) method for diagnosis of DM1 in Malaysia.Design, setting and participantsWe used PCR to determine the size of CTG repeats in 377 individuals not known to be affected by DM and 11 DM1 suspected patients, recruited from a tertiary hospital in Kuala Lumpur. TP-PCR was performed on selected samples, followed by Southern blot hybridisation of PCR amplified fragments to confirm and estimate the size of CTG expansion.Outcome measuresThe number of individuals not known to be affected by DM with (CTG)>18 was determined according to ethnic group and as a whole population. The χ2 test was performed to compare the distribution of (CTG)>18 with 12 other populations. Additionally, the accuracy of TP-PCR in detecting CTG expansion in 11 patients with DM1 was determined by comparing the results with that from Southern blot hybridisation.ResultsOf the 754 chromosomes studied, (CTG)>18 frequency of 3.60%, 1.57% and 4.00% in the Malay, Chinese and Indian subpopulations, respectively, was detected, showing similarities to data from Thai, Taiwanese and Kuwaiti populations. We also successfully detected CTG expansions in 9 patients using the TP-PCR method followed by the estimation of CTG expansion size via Southern blot hybridisation.ConclusionsThe results show a low DM1 prevalence in Malaysia with the possibility of underdiagnosis and demonstrates the feasibility of using a clinical and TP-PCR-based approach for rapid and cost-effective DM1 diagnosis in developing countries.
Bamboo twigs are branches of the bamboo plant. This study intends to confirm the potential of bamboo twigs as an alternative sound absorbing material in acoustic applications. The pieces of bamboo twigs are arranged according to their edges: hollow edges (RR) and node edges (BB), creating five upper-bottom surface combination patterns. The acoustical characteristics were examined through absorption coefficient (α) and standard deviation measurements. The result shows the best surfaces combination is the RB-RR specimen. RB-RR specimen is a combination of hollow and node edges on the upper surface and hollow edges on the bottom surface. Although narrower in frequency ranges, the specimen performs approximately equivalent to the well-known Glass wool in terms of maximum absorption coefficients (α). Refers to the measurement results, the abundant bamboo twigs can be qualified as a potential alternative for sound absorption material in the future.
No abstract
Pemanfaatan energi matahari sebagai sumber pencahayaan alami pada rumah tinggal sederhana merupakan salah satu faktor untuk meminimalkan konsumsi energi listrik. Rumah tinggal yang menggunakan penghawaan alami, akan memiliki kelembaban udara yang cukup dan sebaiknya diupayakan tidak menggunakan pengkondisian udara (AC) sehingga penggunaan konsumsi energi listrik akan berkurang. Rumah tinggal sederhana mempunyai luasan ruang yang relative kecil, oleh sebab itu sistem pencahayaan dan penghawaan bukan merupakan hal yang tidak dapat dikendalikan. Berdasarkan hal ini, perlu dilakukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat tentang pemanfaatan energi, khususnya pada rumah tinggal sederhana. Tujuan kegiatan ini merupakan pemahaman dan penerapan pemanfaatan energi pada rumah tinggal sederhana. Setelah diadakan penyuluhan, diharapkan masyarakat dapat memahami teori pemanfaatan pencahayaan dan penghawaan alami dan masyarakat dapat menerapkannya pada rumah tinggal mereka. Pelaksanaan kegiatan sosialisasi, dimulai dengan memaparkan teori dasar dan tata cara penerapan pemanfataan energi pada rumah tinggal sederhana. Kegiatan ini, dilanjutkan dengan mengunjungi 3 unit rumah tinggal di jalan Pelanduk Kel. Maricaya Kec. Makassar Kota Makassar. Kunjungan ini dilakukan untuk mengarahkan dan menjelaskan kepada masyarakat dengan melihat secara langsung obyeknya. Selanjutnya kepada pemilik rumah tersebut, diberikan desain renovasi rumah tinggal dengan memaksimalkan pemanfaatan pencahayaan dan penghawaan alami berupa gambar denah dan tampak berupa tiga dimensi.
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