Enterobiasis is a worldwide distributed helminthiasis that mainly affects children. Bulgarian healthcare legislation mandates annual tests for E. vermicularis in large part of the population. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of enterobiasis in children and adults in Varna district, in North-eastern (NE) Bulgaria. A retrospective analysis of 71,308 laboratory results from patients tested for E. vermicularis between 2009 and 2018 was performed. The overall prevalence of enterobiasis was 0.91 % with a signifi cantly higher rate in children (1.49 %) than in adults (0.25 %). An increased tendency of the annual prevalence rates (0.45 %/2009 -1.45 %/2018) was demonstrated solely due to the propagation of this disease in children population. Detailed analysis in different groups clustered by age and attendance of children's collectives showed that the lowest level of enterobiasis (0.36 %) was found in children younger than 36 months and afterwards an increased level (1.58 %) in preschool kids (3 -6 y) was detected. The highest occurrence (9.57 %) was observed in school-age children (7 -17 y) where no prophylactic measures by law are required or performed. The prevalence of the enterobiasis observed in Varna District corresponds with the offi cial reports in the country and refl ects the actual situation of this disease in Bulgaria. The regional and countrywide data demonstrate that the levels are signifi cantly lower than those reported in the other European countries. The main reason for that is the implementation of an extensive and effective system for the surveillance, prevention and control of E. vermicularis-infection in Bulgaria.
INTRODUCTION: Ascaridosis and taeniarhynchosis are intestinal parasitic diseases, caused by the multicellular helminthes-Ascaris lumbricoides and Taeniarhynchus saginatus. A. lumbricoides is the largest nematode found in the human intestines with the female organism reaching lengths between 20 and 40 centimeters. T. saginatus is a hermaphroditic cestode reaching lengths from 6 up to 10 meters. Aim: The aim of the current study was to prepare histological tissue sections of both intestinal parasites and to present their specific microscopic structure using different staining techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two museum preparations of the adult worms, fixed in a 10% formalin solution were used. Histological tissue sections were prepared and stained with the hemalaun-eosin technique, Heidenhein's azan, van Gieson's trichrome and acid orcein after Taenzer-Unna stains. RESULTS: The morphology and positioning of the internal organs of the intestinal parasites were clearly visualized by the hemalaun-eosin technique, while the additional stains allowed the differentiation of some specific morphological elements like the fine structure of the cuticle of A. lumbricoides, cestodal eggs' morphology, etc. CONCLUSION: Although the routine diagnostic procedures for intestinal parasites are more efficient, the histological samples stained with different techniques can provide useful information in the ongoing education of the specialists in human and veterinarian parasitology and biology.
INTRODUCTION AND AIM:The objective of this study is to determine the structure of the outpatient parasitology tests and the epidemiological significance of the resultant morbidity for intestinal and non-intestinal parasitic diseases in the Varna region, Northeastern Bulgaria.
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