The buildup of marine organisms on submerged surfaces, known as biofouling, poses a major threat to the maritime industry. Biofouling on seafaring vessels increases hydrodynamic drag, fuel consumption, and leads to the spread of invasive species. Despite considerable research, a cost‐effective and environmentally friendly strategy for preventing biofouling remains elusive. Silicone‐based fouling release coatings (FRCs) that rely on hydrodynamic shear forces to remove attached biofilms have recently been proposed as a non‐toxic solution for biofouling. However, FRCs are susceptible to fouling in still water or near‐still water conditions. In this study, a smart skin bioinspired by the shape‐changing behavior of octopi for removing biofilms in near‐still water conditions is proposed. Active deformation of the smart skin powered by twisted spiral artificial muscles (TSAMs) leads to the detachment of biofilms. The efficacy of the smart skin is evaluated in both a laboratory setting and a field environment. A maximum of 87% of a laboratory grown and 79% of a heterogeneous field biofilm is detached by the active motion of the skin surface. The results indicate that the actively deformed smart skins bioinspired by octopi are a promising candidate for removing marine biofilms in still or near‐still water environments.
The most common pediatric extragonadal pelvic cancers include germ cell tumors, sacrococcygeal teratomas, and rhabdomyosarcomas (arising from the urinary bladder, prostate, paratesticular tissues, vagina, uterus, and perineum). This paper describes the radiological and nuclear medicine features of these entities and provides consensus‐based recommendations for the assessment at diagnosis, during, and after treatment.
A child presenting with a limp can present a diagnostic challenge to pediatricians. Clinical presentation, age, and history all contribute to the initial differential diagnosis; however, imaging plays a key role in the ultimate diagnosis, and the correct imaging study is essential to save time and health care expenses. This article will present a few of the more common causes of a limp and the recently updated imaging recommendations from the American College of Radiology to aid in final diagnosis.
[
Pediatr Ann
. 2020;49(9):e395–e402.]
The most common pediatric extragonadal pelvic cancers include germ cell
tumors, sacrococcygeal teratomas, and rhabdomyosarcomas (arising from
the urinary bladder, prostate, paratesticular tissues, vagina, uterus,
and perineum). This manuscript describes the radiological and nuclear
medicine features of these entities and provides consensus-based
recommendations for the assessment at diagnosis, during and after
treatment.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.