Abbreviations:PTC, papillary thyroid carcinoma; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; TERT, telomerase reverse transcriptase
CorrespondencePapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy. Point mutations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter, C228T and C250T and oncogene BRAF V600E have been investigated as risk factors for PTC.However, little research has been done on the single nucleotide polymorphism rs2853669 in the TERT promoter in PTC. This study aimed to clarify the clinicopathological significance of rs2853669 in Japanese patients with PTC. The genetic frequencies of rs2853669, C228T, C250T and BRAF V600E were investigated in 58 patients with PTC and compared with the clinicopathological parameters of PTC. rs2853669, C228T, C250T and BRAF V600E were found in 58.6%, 17.2%, 5.2% and 37.0% of the PTC patients, respectively. PTC with rs2853669 and C228T were associated only with tumor sizes larger than 2.0 cm (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the coexistence of rs2853669 and C228T was strongly associated with tumor size (P < 0.01), with an odds ratio of 6.4 (P < 0.05). We showed that rs2853669, as well as C228T, may be a risk factor for the aggressiveness of PTC, and the coexistence of these mutations might represent greater risk.
COVID-19 Impact on Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sri Lanka KEY POINTS • In Sri Lanka, the impact on employment immediately after the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak was cushioned by significantly reduced working hours instead of layoffs.
Follicular thyroid neoplasm is a common tumor, and consists of follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) and carcinoma (FTC). The mechanisms of tumor development of FTA and FTC are not well-understood. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and point mutations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter have been associated with tumor development of many cancers. In order to clarify the significance of TERT promoter SNPs and mutations, including rs2853669 (−245T>C), C228T, and C250T, we analyzed 59 FTA patients and 19 FTC patients. Rs2853669 was found in 67.8% (40/59) and 57.9% (11/19) of FTAs and FTCs, respectively, and homozygous rs2853669 (CC) was more frequently found in FTC than in FTA. Furthermore, in FTA, rs2853669 was significantly associated with tumor size greater than 2.0 cm (P < 0.05).C228T was found in 5.1% and 36.8% of FTAs and FTCs, respectively. Frequencies of rs2853669 or/and C228T mutation were 71.2% in FTAs and 73.7%, in FTCs, and were significantly associated with larger tumor sizes in FTAs (P < 0.05). Rs2853669 is considered to be associated with tumor development in FTA and FTC.C228T, C250T, follicular thyroid adenoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid neoplasms, point mutation, rs2853669, single-nucleotide polymorphism, TERT promoter
A patient with no medical history was admitted to our hospital with consciousness disturbance and diagnosed with intracerebral hemorrhaging in the bilateral hemisphere based on computed tomography. A blood test showed an abnormal coagulation capacity. He died of intracerebral hemorrhaging 11 hours after the onset. An autopsy revealed latent advanced prostate cancer metastasis to multiple organs. Notably, we found no evidence of intracerebral hemorrhaging, including arteriovenous malformation or cancer metastasis, in the brain. He was ultimately diagnosed with intracerebral hemorrhaging due to coagulopathy associated with latent advanced prostate cancer. Coagulopathy caused by advanced prostate cancer, which was first identified by autopsy, can lead to intracerebral hemorrhaging.
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