Evaluating the performance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures during earthquakes and the resultant damage in the structures depends on an accurate load–displacement relationship. Several experimental and analytical evaluation methods for load–displacement relationships have been proposed and specified in current design standards. However, there have been few quantitative studies on the impact of drying on the yielding behavior of RC members, including evaluations of the effective stiffness of members. In this study, to investigate changes in the mechanical properties of RC beam–slab members due to drying of the concrete, cyclic loading tests are conducted on two RC beam–slab members with and without drying. It is found that the lateral structural stiffness of the specimen with drying decreased to 77% that of the specimen without drying. This is verified in the calculation of the flexural stiffness. In this calculation, it is assumed that drying shrinkage decreases the moment of inertia of the slab in tension but not in compression. Meanwhile, no difference is observed in the flexural capacity and yield displacement between the two specimens. Thus, there is no significant impact from drying shrinkage in RC beam–slab members on the lateral structural performance, while the shrinkage instead induces greater flexural cracking, which reduces the residual stresses in the specimen with drift leading to a gradual decrease in the impact of drying.
Yield displacement is an important parameter in appropriately evaluating a seismic capacity of a building. To understand the detailed mechanics of flexural column deformation up to yielding of flexural rebar, deformation characteristics are measured with high resolution in a static loading test of five column specimens. Measured horizontal displacements are, then, separated into three displacement components, i.e., flexural displacement, shear displacement, and anchorage displacement, to find they are well simulated by classical flexural theory based on Bernoulli-Euler assumption, elastic shear theory considering uncracked horizontal section, and elastic deformation theory of stub considering flexural stress transferred from the column, respectively.
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