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Seven new phthalide compoundswith anti-i7elicobacter pylori activities were isolated from the basidiomycete Phanerochaete velutina CL6387, The two most potent phthalide compounds, CJ-12,954 and CJ-13,014, have MICs of 5 ng/ml. The structure-activity relationship shows that the presence of a spiroketal part in addition to the phthalide part, greatly enhances the activity. The phthalide compoundsappear to be specific for H. pylori, since they did not show antibacterial activities when tested against a panel of other microorganisms.Gastric and duodenal ulcers affect a significant portion of the humanpopulation worldwide. Many recent studies have shown a relation between the presence of the

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Among methods of controlling hypercholesterolemiaand hyperlipidemia is the direct stimulation of hepatic low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors. Two novel lactone compounds, CJ-12,950 and CJ-13,357, containing an unusual oxime moiety, were isolated from a zygomycete Mortierella verticillata. These lactones are potent inducers of the LDL receptor gene in vitro, that enhanced LDL receptor expression in human hepatocytes 2-fold at 100nM.