This paper is part of larger research on the impact of present and future air emissions from the shipping industry and especially the environmental impact of the rapid spreading of the LNG as a fuel in the industry. Therefore, it was important to gather data related to the LNG market and perform an analysis to gain realistic insight into the market behaviour. This paper analyses the situation and trends of the LNG shipping market over a longer period to predict future developments. Data analysis of the several aspects and patterns of the trade has been performed; the results obtained can enable prediction of the market situation for the future. From the data analysis and predictions of the LNG market, continuous growth in the following years is expected, which linked to an increase of the LNG fleet and number of importing countries. Research has shown that new propulsion alternatives such as MEGI and XDF are appearing on the market as the first choice for new builds, while steam turbines are slowly disappearing. Although market growth is projected from all research parameters, the situation has changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the market. Consequently, growth forecasts will not be realized in 2020.
E-learning has become a widespread form of education as it allows the users a relatively easy access to needed information. E-learning has also been present in maritime affairs, although not so ubiquitous as in other economy sectors. Sea-borne shipping is one of the most stringently controlled industries, with a number of complex regulations and standards. This paper analyses learning methodologies and discusses the economic justification of implementing e-learning systems at global level, with an emphasis on the growing e-learning industry, corporate segment of e-learning, massive open online course market, and the importance of the micro-learning concept. In addition, this study analyses the present systems of seafarers’ education and the potentials, strengths and shortcomings of the conventional learning, e-learning and m-learning. Moreover, the recent application of e-learning in maritime affairs and the need of further research of the e-learning impacts in maritime affairs are examined. Finally, the presented information and discussion result in the logic matrix analysis and the SWOT analysis of e-learning, aiming to define the strengths, weaknesses, logic of action, goals and potentials of the implementation of e-learning in maritime affairs. Keywords: E-learning, education of seafarers, STCW Convention, IMO.
Each business faces large competition in the market, and it is necessary to adopt the most effective methodology as possible in order to obtain the best solution. Six Sigma (6σ) is a set of techniques and tools for process improvement. The tools of Six Sigma apply within a simple improvement model known as Define–Measure–Analyze–Improve–Control (DMAIC). This paper shows that implementing Six Sigma can be more effective in managing the vehicle fleet. The combination of mathematical, i.e., statistical basis and practice makes Six Sigma so successful. The Six Sigma project, implemented to reduce costs and increase the availability of a vehicle fleet in a selected company, can be widely applied in other similar enterprises.
This paper provides a detailed analysis of the annual statistical report on the performance of Croatia’s Maritime Safety Inspection. Statistical data have been processed with regard to the number of employees at the Directorate for Inspection Affairs within the Ministry of Maritime Affairs, Transport and Infrastructure. A statistical analysis of the number of inspection surveys per area has been made, with tables and graphs providing a detailed account of the deficiencies detected on board vessels and the number of detentions in 2013. The results obtained provide an insight into the overall performance of the Maritime Safety Inspection in that year.
Ergonomics increases the efficiency of people and device interaction. Nowadays, modern navigation bridges are designed in accordance with the requirements of navigators, designers and shipowners, production costs etc. The bridge design, various layouts, instrument arrangements and their capacities etc. have not been fully regulated by the SOLAS convention. The Convention regulates manufacturers’ requirements which refer to accuracy, device sensitivity etc. However, factors that are important for ergonomics, and time required for familiarization and exploitation of the device are left to shipbuilders and charterers to decide. In this paper, authors are analyzing the ergonomics of the integrated navigation bridge - INS.
Every internal combustion engine operates on the principle of converting thermal energy into mechanical work. During fuel combustion in the engine cylinders, the heat is released. It also has its negative effects; one is overheating of the engine cylinders and the engine in general. Since the engine parts are made of metal with its own thermal characteristics, the optimal temperature must be achieved in order to protect the components from overheating and, thus, from undesirable consequences of overheating. For this purpose, cooling medium is used as a means of maintaining the optimum temperature. Keeping the system functional as long as possible and minimizing possible deviations are very complex and difficult tasks. The complexity of the marine cooling system requires finding the optimal modes of operation, which results in an increased use of simulation models. This paper indicates advantages of using system dynamics as a tool for simulating certain events in a very realistic and economically acceptable way to prevent negative consequences for the entire marine system. System dynamics became an indispensable segment of designing various systems as well as the diesel engine cooling system.
Ship's Planned Maintenance Systems are in use for a long period of time, but database quality, confi guration and content are still not standardized. Factors affecting the database quality, confi guration and content are the quality of raw data, experience and knowledge of database creation team, importance given to computerized PMS and care assigned to evaluation of fi nished product. Evaluation of fi nished product, i.e. ship's Planned Maintenance System Database is an action requiring specifi ed knowledge and qualifi cations, as well as experience in performing the task. Even when evaluators fulfi ll all needed requirements, credibility of the obtained results is questionable due to their subjectivity. One of the tools to decrease that problem is the Evaluation Methodology for Ship's Planned Maintenance System Database. A research, described in the paper, has been performed to test that aspect of the Methodology. Three Ships Planned Maintenance System Databases were evaluated by four different evaluators, fi rst using only their experience, then using the Methodology. Results of the research are presented in the paper together with comparison of fi ndings. All presented points that usage of the Methodology is a necessity during evaluations of ship's Planned Maintenance System Databases.
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