GC and GC/MS analyses of the methanol extracts obtained from the aerial parts of six Acinos Miller species from Serbia and Montenegro were performed. Seventy-four constituents, accounting for 84.9-99.0% of the total composition of the extracts, were identified. The common feature of the A. suaveolens, A. majoranifolius and A. alpinus methanol extracts was the high content of monoterpenes, while the common feature of the A. graveolens, A. arvensis and A. hungaricus methanol extracts was the prevalence of sesquiterpenes. The total flavonoids, polyphenols and tannins content, as well as antioxidant activity (FRAP and DPPH assay) of the methanolic extracts were investigated. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the extract of A. alpinus which had high levels of all polyphenol classes examined. A disk diffusion method was used for the evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of the extracts against a panel of microorganisms (bacteria: Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium pyogenes, Enterococcus sp., Micrococcus flavus, Sarcina lutea, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia coli; fungi: Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The preliminary bioassay results indicated that the methanol extract of A. alpinus could be a possible source of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds.
Galvanization process requires the use a large amount of water and produces wastewaters that are usually purified by conventional cost-effective procedure. This kind of treatment generates waste sludge which becomes a hazardous if is not properly stabilized. Hence, the aim of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of galvanic sludge through the inspection of its physicochemical parameters and consider stabilization of waste materials, including waste glass and aluminum slag by their conversion into an eco-designed material referred to as glass ceramics. The obtained products have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD analyses confirmed occurrence of chemical and phase transformations in treated galvanic sludge and binding of toxic metals (Al 3+ , Cr 3+ , Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ , Ni 2+ , Pb 2+ , Zn 2+ ) into crystalline phases and very sTab. structure.
The family of succulent plants, Crassulaceae, is known for many benefits, as well for the limited distribution of aromatic representatives. It is also observed the deficiency of data on content and distribution of volatile compounds within the genus Hylotelephium. Accordingly, this is the first report on volatiles from roots of three Hylotelephium taxa: H. telephium, H. maximum and H. spectabile x telephium. Two types of volatiles were isolated: headspace (HS) volatiles and solvent extract volatiles from the distillation water (SE), further analyzed by GC–MS/FID. The obtained results contribute to the knowledge that some of the genera of Crassulaceae family “hides” unexplored sources of aromaticity and fragrance. All three SEs are characterized by low yields and the high content of monoterpene alcohol – myrtenol. The differences are mostly reflected in content of some myrtenol analogs (cis‐myrtanol, trans‐myrtanol and myrtenoic acid) and aliphatic alcohol oct‐1‐en‐3‐ol. HS volatiles of H. telephium and H. spectabile x telephium contain myrtenol and oct‐1‐en‐3‐ol, while H. maximum beside them contain 3‐octanol in significant amount. Additionally, characteristic distribution pattern of the SE volatiles could be used for chemotaxonomic purposes, while the distribution pattern of HS volatiles is practically inapplicable in that manner. Due to high content of myrtenol in root volatiles, it could be used in traditional medicine, as supplement, flavouring or aroma agent.
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