BackgroundThe number of people with disabilities in Brazil and worldwide has grown substantially in recent decades. Cross-cultural quality of life instruments can be helpful in the development of interventions designed to meet the needs of this population and contribute to rational allocation of resources. This study sought to provide evidence of validity and reliability the Brazilian Portuguese version of WHOQOL-Dis-D (a cross-cultural, multicentre instrument developed by the WHOQOL-Group for the assessment of quality of life in persons with physical disability – PD) and WHOQOL-Dis-ID (for persons with intellectual disability – ID).MethodsClassical psychometric methods were used to conduct independent analyses of the PD and ID samples. Criterion groups were established for analysis of construct validity. Concurrent validity was assessed in relation to SWLS and BDI-II scores; discriminant validity, in relation to WHODAS-II. Cronbach alpha was used to test the instrument scales and subscales for reliability. The ID subgroup was retested, and test-retest reliability assessed by means of intraclass correlation coefficients and paired Student’s t-test.ResultsA total of 162 (98 females) people with PD and 156 (55 females) people with ID participated in the study. Cronbach alpha was satisfactory across practically all domains and factors in the PD subsample. In IDs, most factors or domains had coefficients higher than 0.70, but four subscales exhibited less satisfactory performance. Evidence of construct and concurrent validity and reliability were obtained.ConclusionsThe analyses presented herein provide satisfactory evidence of the validity and reliability of the instrument and corroborated the factor structure revealed during cross-cultural research. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to obtain additional evidence of validity and reliability.
OBJECTIVE To analyze evidence of the validity and reliability of a Brazilian Portuguese version of the Quality of Care Scale from the perspective of people with physical and intellectual disabilities.METHODS There were 162 people with physical disabilities and 156 with intellectual disabilities from Porto Alegre and metropolitan region, who participated in the study in 2008. Classical psychometrics was used to independently analyze the two samples. Hypotheses for evidence of criterion validity (concurrent type) were tested with the Mann-Whitney test for non-normal distributions. Principal components analysis was used to explore factorial models. Evidence of reliability was calculated with Cronbach alpha for the scales and subscales. Test-retest reliability was analyzed for individuals with intellectual disabilities through intra-class correlation coefficient and the Willcoxon test.RESULTS The principal components in the group with physical disabilities replicated the original model presented as a solution to the international project data. Evidence of discriminant validity and test-retest reliability was found.CONCLUSIONS The transcultural factor model found within the international sample project seems appropriate for the samples investigated in this study, especially the physical disabilities group. Depression, pain, satisfaction with life and disability may play a mediating role in the evaluation of quality of care. Additional research is needed to add to evidence of the validity of the instruments.
RESUMO O amor construiu-se historicamente com base no amor romântico, patriarcal, heteronormativo e de monogamia compulsória. Atualmente, novas construções - dentre elas o poliamor - defendem a possibilidade de amar e/ou se relacionar sexualmente com mais de uma pessoa simultaneamente. O objetivo desta pesquisa - qualitativa descritiva e exploratória - foi compreender as expressões do poliamor. Foram realizadas entrevistas narrativas com seis participantes que se identificaram como poliamoristas ou declararam estar envolvidos em relação amorosa e/ou sexual múltipla consentida por todos. Os dados foram analisados pela análise do discurso sob a perspectiva da psicologia social sócio-histórica e pós- estruturalista. A pesquisa demonstra que o poliamor baseia-se no amor livre, na não monogamia, na responsabilidade, na compersão, no respeito à individualidade, na liberdade sexual, na equidade de gênero e no diálogo. Evidenciou também as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos poliamoristas, tais como insegurança na exposição pública da relação e pressões sociais de estereótipos de gênero.
Jean-Pierre Fichou, em sua obra "A civilização Americana" (La civilizasation américaine), analisa as teorias explicativas dos Estados Unidos através do resgate de seus componentes essenciais e da compreensão de seu caráter cultural, demonstrando como esses, apesar das mudanças de contexto, se mantiveram como princípios fundamentais para a definição do interesse nacional e para a formulação das políticas norteamericanas. A análise aqui apresentada parte dos discursos de posse dos presidentes dos Estados Unidos do período da Guerra Fria (de Roosevelt, 1945 a Bush, 1989) para demonstrar os princípios mais fortemente defendidos nesse contexto pela sociedade americana - democracia, voluntarismo, abundância, dinamismo, capitalismo e expansionismo.
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