This paper discusses the scientific rationale for methods of platinum metals sorption centralization from saturated solutions with a high content of macrocomponents. Methods of sorption centralization of platinum and iridium using local anionites such as AH-31, AB-17-8, Purolite S985 are described. The sorbents used were conditioned to remove organic and mineral impurities. The sorption isotherms of platinum group metals 1/EC=f(1/Cp) at a temperature of 20 °C and a duration of 24 h were plotted. The data on the sorption recovery of platinum and iridium from individual and combined sulfate-chloride solutions were determined. Isotherms of iridium sorption from sulfate-chloride solution are formed. Results of the apparent sorption equilibrium constant and values of standard Gibbs energy (ΔG, kJ/mol) of ion exchange for sorption of platinum and iridium from individual and combined sulfate-chloride solutions are presented. Linearized isotherms and kinetic curves of joint sorption of platinum and iridium from sulfate-chloride solution are described. Comparative sorption of the platinum-group metals (PGM) by anionites AB-17-8 and Purolite S985 from sulfate-chloride solutions is shown. The sorption diagram of platinum and iridium from sulfate-chloride product solutions is presented. It has been revealed that complete recovery is achieved using chelation ion-exchange resin Purolite S985, with recovery of Pt up to 95% and Ir more than 73%. The sorption process is accompanied by intradiffusion constraints that are confirmed by the analysis of kinetic curves using Schmukler and Boyd–Adams models.
Hydrometallurgical processes for nickel converter matte refining are characterized by the distribution of platinum group metals between the liquid and solid phases. Chlorine refining technology for converter matte consists of oxidation leaching in chloride media and subsequent extraction of nickel from hydrochloric acid solutions. However, during the leaching stage, along with nickel, the transition of platinum group metals in the form of chloride complexes into the solution is possible. The kinetic inertness of iridium complexes makes it difficult to extract iridium from multicomponent solutions. This work includes study of iridium extraction from chloride solutions by reduction methods. The regularities of iridium extraction by cementation method using different metals as cementing agents were revealed, the effect of sulfur-containing precipitators addition is shown.
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