Soybean is a commodity that has an important influence on the Brazilian economy because it accounts for the largest share among the grains in the export market. Its main production centers excel in regions far from major consuming centers, requiring long commutes especially in road transport. The distance is the most influential factor in transport costs and is directly related to the freight. To define actual road distances, particularly in unfamiliar roads, it is necessary to use a correction factor. In addition to estimating a better correction factor, the paper aims to contribute by developing a procedure to identify this factor. This paper will analyze the relationships between existing Euclidean distances in numerous points, the producing centers and Brazilian's ports, performing comparisons between the correction factor obtained by calculation in this article with the factors obtained by other authors, also seeking to relate the road distances calculated based on intervals and freight. The advantage of obtaining a more accurate factor k is to allow the results of different location, such as p-median be more accurate. The result was satisfactory when comparing with the existing literature.
The transport sector is responsible for several environmental impacts, including contributions to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions and depleting natural resources. A strategy to reduce these issues goes towards the application of a circular economy, a concept that offers a response to increasing concerns about resource scarcity and the associated impacts from their use. Thus, this paper aims to fill a gap in the literature that consists of the scarcity of studies that consider the circular economy application on a micro, meso, and macro level in road transport, including all stages as well as the 7 Rs of the reverse cycle. Therefore, an approach is presented to meet road transport needs, highlighting best practices obtained through a literature review, to promote climate change mitigation and resource depletion. Qualitative data were presented for each circular economy stage with 46 best practices identified, providing invaluable guidance to transport decision-makers. Thus, public policies focusing on all of the CE stages should be taken into consideration, not only those responsible for closing the cycle, such as waste and recycling or disposal and treatment.
The ever-increasing impacts of the last mile delivery sector on the environment and the quality of life of the urban population, such as increased congestion, demand best practices to be incorporated by companies to reduce impacts such as emission of air pollutants and Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and depletion of natural resources, among others. However, a myriad of strategies has been developed for this purpose but there is a lack of methodologies that allow the choice of the best ones for a specific case. Therefore, this study looks for those best practices to be employed through an innovative methodology that consists of SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats), a map of strategies of the delivery service, and using the Sustainability Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), with the differential of considering the peculiarities of each company. The results applied in a Brazilian last mile delivery service company show that best practices such as route optimization, implementation of new infrastructure and business models for urban deliveries, and use of information systems for fleet tracking and monitoring contribute significantly to improving performance indicators and achieving the sector’s goal to become more sustainable, and especially meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8, 9, 11, and 17.
The purpose of study is to assess alternatives for commodities transportation, in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, by adopting a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Therefore, we used three models, called traditional (VRS and CRS) and the Cross - Evaluation. The inputs were the freight rate, cost of accidents and CO2 emissions, while the output was the weighted average speed of each alternative. The study evaluated the performance of seven macroregions. Results indicated the best alternatives for each microregion, in particular, the adoption of railway mode all over the transportation process was indicated considering all scenarios.
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