Fish is an important food stuff and source of protein all over the world. In Bangladesh fisheries sector contributes a lot in case of earning foreign currency and meeting domestic need of animal protein. To meet the domestic need Bangladesh imports fish and fish products from neighboring countries. But it is evident from several studies that fish items in Bangladesh contain formalin which is a highly hazardous and carcinogenic chemical.An attempt was taken to detect the extent of formalin use in fish available in Dhaka city. From five different local markets five species of fishes were collected and presence of formalin was detected using the "formalin detection kit in fish" developed by Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR). The study indicates that 70% Rui fish is formalin contaminated and almost 50% of fish samples contain formalin.
Aims: The foremost aim of this study was to evaluate the 1:1 formed complex when mefenamic acid interacts with Cu2+, Zn2+, and EDTA4- metal at the physiological condition, which provides a better understanding of the pharmacological studies. This research provided information on the binding affinity of mefenamic acid with selective metals. It helps with preparative, structural, and reactivity studies for multiple drug designs in pharmaceutical fields. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacy, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh & CARS ((Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences), University of Dhaka. The duration of this study is between September to December 2022. Study Design: The Infrared spectra of Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) complex of Mefenamic Acid were investigated in the region between 4000 and 400 cm-1. These spectra were compared to standard peaks with specific functional groups. The binding interactions of the selected metal ions were demonstrated by significant variations in the intensities of the amino group of mefenamic acid after metal complexation. Results: The interactions of the metal ions with the acid product have resulted in the alteration of the functional structure, characterized by a negligible reduction in the structure of mefenamic acid. The change in position of the characteristic bands, or the increase/ decrease in the number of bands and appearance of a new metal-atom bond, helps to confirm the formation of a complex. Conclusion: It has been recently found that metal-based complexes decrease antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer action. In order to construct actively functioning medications, it is vital to study the ability of physiologically active metal ions to interact with metalloproteinases like albumin, which transport and distribute these metal ions. The current research set a standard for repeatable mefenamic acid metal ion research.
Aims: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of methanol-prepared leaf extracts from the Solanum americanum Mill. plant on a variety of in vitro activities, including antioxidant, anti-Arthritis, anti-inflammatory, thrombolysis, anti-bacterial, and in-vivo neuropharmacological activities. Study Design: Methanolic extract of Solanum americanum leaf (MESAL) was primarily evaluated via phytochemical screening. The potential for in vitro activities, including antioxidant, anti-arthritis, anti-inflammatory, thrombolysis, and anti-bacterial activity were determined to study due to the pharmacological interest in the plant's chemical constituent. Whether there is statistical significance to the changes seen in its in vivo neuropharmacological characteristics when tested in experimental animals. Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out between November 2022 to January 2023 at the Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology in the Department of Pharmacy and Laboratory of Microbiology, Stamford University Bangladesh and Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka. Methodology: The plant was subjected to phytochemical screening utilizing a variety of test reagents and potential antioxidant, anti-arthritis, anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic, anti-bacterial, and neuropharmacological activities of MESAL were investigated. Antioxidant, anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic, and antibacterial activities were tested at different doses utilizing the DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Assay, Protein Denaturation Assays, Clot Lysis, and the Disk Diffusion Method. Swiss albino mice were tested using open-field and hole-cross methods to measure their locomotion as part of the neuropharmacological study. Results: The MESAL phytochemical screening findings demonstrated that the plants' chemical compositions varied. Most antioxidant activities were found in MESA, with an IC50 of 11.73 µg/mL compared to Ascorbic acid's IC50 of 28.86 µg/mL. When compared to the standard, the percent inhibition value of MESAL's anti-arthritis activity was significantly higher. With a maximum protein denaturation value of 94.03% at a concentration of 1000µg/mL, MESAL possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity. The value of MESAL in terms of clot lysis is very significant which is 90.257%. While MESAL's antibacterial value is moderate, it is still worth considering. However, the extract was proven to be less effective than Diazepam in improving motor coordination in the Open Field and Hole Cross Tests. Conclusion: Several pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, may benefit in the future from the use of plant-derived pharmacological agents due to their neuropharmacological, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic activity, which can replace the use of NSAIDs.
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