Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a widely used additive manufacturing (AM) technique for developing complex features and geometries within the shortest possible time as per customer needs. Nowadays, the customization of biomedical parts is becoming possible due to the increasing accuracy and enhanced ability of FDM machines to control the process parameters. The control on surface quality of parts produced by FDM process is of prime concern for the researchers, which are induced due to the stair steps on sloping surfaces, and needs addressing. In addition, to meet customer demands rapidly, the FDM part build time must be reduced without much compromising the strength of the parts necessary for specific applications. In the same context, this paper presents the effect and control of FDM process parameters, i.e., layer thickness, raster angle, infill density and internal structure, on surface roughness, build time and compressive strength of developed biomedical implant parts. The face-centered central composite design is employed to consummate the experimental trials, and experimental data are used to establish an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model for predicting the surface roughness, build time and compressive strength with respect to changes in FDM process parameters. At the end, whale optimization algorithm (WOA) has been applied to minimize surface roughness, minimize build time and maximize compressive strength simultaneously. Then, the optimal solutions obtained from WOA methodology have been compared with ANFIS predicted results. The results reveal that ANFIS-WOA methodology provides optimal combination of FDM process parameters accurately.
The rise of the United States to superpower status is a fascinating case study. But if someone had told you 200 years ago that the United States would become a superpower, you would have laughed! Because the United States was, after all, a poor colony administered by the British Empire.So, when I prophesy that India would govern the world by 2050, kindly restrain your laughter! Because change is continual, and what is today a 'developing country' can pretty much govern the entire world a few decades later.A superpower is a state with a dominant position defined by its wide ability to exert influence or project power on a global scale. This is accomplished by a combination of economic, military, technological, and cultural strength.At the moment, there is only one superpower: the United States of America. The USSR was also a superpower, although it lost that status after its disintegration. China is on its path to becoming a superpower, but for the time being it is only a regional power.India has a long way to go before it can be considered a superpower. To attain the aim, we must concentrate on numerous areas.
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