A differential mobility analyzer for high-mobility resolution (1/FWHM$30) classification of 1-67 nm particles is designed to analyze viral particles. Inner and outer electrode radii of 1.01 and 2 cm (at the outlet slit) and a 11.6 cm long column achieve this range at a sheath gas flow (Q) and aerosol flow (q) of 30 and 1 L/min. Turbulent transition potentially resulting from this substantial length combined with high sheath gas flow rates (Q$1000 Lit/min) required to classify 1 nm particles is avoided by stabilizing the flow via a continuous acceleration with a conical inner electrode (1 half-angle). High axisymmetry of the aerosol flow as it joins the sheath gas is achieved by injecting it through a circularizer ring with 24 symmetrically spaced orifices. The sheath flow is laminarized with two pre-laminarization schemes, three laminarization screens, and an inlet trumpet with an area $3 times the analyzer channel throat area. The instrument is tested with singly charged monomobile cluster ions produced by a bipolar electrospray source. A resolving power of 29 is measured at the highest flow rate reached, with a trend towards even higher resolution if either Q or the monomobile particle size could be increased. This performance indicates that the electrode concentricity is excellent and the flow highly stable. Tests carried out at limited resolution (set below 16 by a protein test aerosol) with the modest Q/q$30 values required to classify 70 nm particles indicate that the DMA response is close to ideal at Q ¼ 151, 110, and 47 Lit/min.
The disease known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) affects males over the age of 50. Prostate gland is an organ of male reproductive system, that grows significantly biologically throughout fetal development and adolescence. The prostate gland matures towards the end of puberty and remains so until benign Prostatic Hyperplasia occurs, which causes the prostate gland to increase in size and weight after the first five decades of life.The vitiation of Vata Dosha is the primary cause of the diseases listed in Mootraghata. In Samya Avastha, Apana Vata (one of the five kinds of Vata Dosha) is responsible for proper micturition. When the Apana Vata is vitiated, it causes different diseases of the Mutravahasrotas, such as Ashmari, Prameha, Mutraghata, Mutrakrichha, and so on. According to Ayurveda, proper physiological functions can only be achieved when the three Doshas, Vata, Pitta, and Kapha, are in a condition of Samya (equilibrium). Apana Vayu is in charge of Mutravaha Srotas functions. The development of various diseases affecting the Mutravaha Srotas is caused by the vitiation of Apana Vayu. As a result, the concept of treatment for Mutravaha Srotas diseases is to pacify the vitiated Apana Vayu. Shodhana (removal of the vitiated Doshas) and Shamana (pacification of vitiated Doshas by use of oral medicines) are the primary approaches for treating diseases in Ayurvedic literature. Shodhana Chikitsa, as advocated in Ayurvedic Classics, is Vasti therapy for the relief of vitiated Vata Dosha. Oral medications in various forms for Shamana Chikitsa are listed in Ayurvedic Classics.
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