Regucalcin is a multi-functional, calcium-binding protein with roles in calcium homeostasis, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and free radical neutralization. Regucalcin is broadly expressed in the male reproductive organs of rat and bovine; here, we report its expression in the reproductive tract of male buffalo-especially in testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle, prostate, and bulbourethral gland of buffalo-as analyzed by real-time PCR, Western blot, and immunolocalization. Regucalcin degradation in seminal plasma, despite its high abundance in vesicular fluid, was demonstrated using recombinant regucalcin co-incubated with buffalo seminal plasma. This depletion of regucalcin appears to be related to its suppressive effect on in vitro sperm capacitation, observed using the chlortetracycline assay after treating buffalo spermatozoa with recombinant protein. Indeed, addition of recombinant regucalcin to capacitating media significantly reduced (P < 0.05) the percentage of capacitated spermatozoa to 6.1 ± 0.6 from 36.4 ± 1.8 in the untreated group. Taken together, the wide distribution of regucalcin in male buffaloes, versus its degradation in the seminal plasma and suppressive effects on in vitro capacitation of spermatozoa, indicate its possible anti-capacitation role in the reproductive tract. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 84: 212-221, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Background: The consistent, self-renewal capability and wide-ranging differentiation potential during specific physiologic conditions mark stem cells as a novel candidate not only for biomedical research and regenerative therapy but also as an alternative source in research related to life sciences. This vital and distinct characteristic of stem cells, enable them to offer unprecedented hope in treating many diseases and disorders, which are otherwise difficult to treat. Several efforts are still being undertaken to enhance the efficiency of MSCs for better therapeutic applications. Objective: In recent past several studies have been conducted regarding isolation of stem cells from diverse sources and are being used clinically in veterinary regenerative therapy. But till date only a few systemic studies are available. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the findings from basic and applied research conducted in stem cell therapeutics with particular emphasis on animals. Result: On the basis of their sources, stem cells can be classified as adult or embryonic stem (ES) cells. Physiologically, the ES cells have capability to differentiate into all body cells and develop into normal adult organism; whereas, adult stem cells serve as repair system by restoring damaged tissues of the body. The adult stem cells referred as Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be derived from various adult body organs whereas embryos give rise to embryonic stem cells. MSCs, passes unique property of proliferation, trans-differentiation and secretion of important biomolecules to create microenvironment; which is immunosuppressive and stimulate native MSCs of damaged tissue. MSCs being immunocompromised cells can be used in autologous as well as in allogenic mode. Conclusion: In Veterinary therapeutics, MSCs equipped with engineering and pharmaceutical modifications offer a potentially candidate in the treatment of wound healing, nerve injury, bone/ligament injury etc. and also bear a great hope in improvement of udder health and milk production in animals.
Elevated intracellular calcium concentration and oxidative damage are two major factors contributing to the poor fertility of cryopreserved spermatozoa. Regucalcin (RGN), also known as Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP-30), is a calcium-binding protein with multiple roles that include calcium homeostasis, anti-oxidative, anti-apoptosis, and anti-proliferation. In Drosophila, RGN is reportedly a putative cold-tolerance gene and a cytoprotective role for RGN against intracellular calcium elevation and oxidative stress was reported in P19 cell lines. Given that RGN has anticapacitatory effect and abundant in the male reproductive tract, we hypothesized that it may play a cryoprotective role for spermatozoa. We investigated this by including RGN, at three different concentrations (20, 40, and 60 μg/ml), as a supplement for Tris-egg yolk-based semen extender. Post-thaw metrics of progressive motility, acrosome integrity, and zona pellucida binding of spermatozoa were evaluated for three ejaculates of three clinically normal, breeding Murrah buffaloes. A concentration of 40 μg/ml of recombinant RGN supplemented during sperm freezing resulted in significant increases in the post-thaw progressive motility of spermatozoa (50.6 ± 3.5% vs 40.6 ± 2.6%; p < 0.01), acrosome integrity (53.3 ± 7.4 vs 75.6 ± 6.8; p < 0.05), and zona pellucida binding (31.6 ± 14.0 vs 191.9 ± 12.3 bound spermatozoa; p < 0.01) compared to control conditions without RGN. Thus, ∼1 μM recombinant RGN, which retains the ability to bind calcium, has a cryoprotective effect for buffalo spermatozoa in extender.
Emerging evidence suggests that Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), which belong to the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) super-family, are known to be involved in the follicular growth and steroid production in different species. This study describes BMP6 bearing in corpus luteum over various stages of estrous cycle. The bubaline CL was classified into four stages according to the morphology and progesterone (P4) concentration. The real time PCR and immunoblot studies revealed that BMP6 was significantly (P<0.05) unregulated during the mid stage of CL that was consistent with immunohistochemical localization in the luteal cells. The transcriptional and translational expressions of BMP6 in the early and late CL were comparable and significantly (P<0.05) lower than that of mid CL. In conclusion, BMP6 expression is dependent on the stage of CL in the buffalo.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.