OBJECTIVES: To systematically investigate and critically appraise the quality of the currently available literature regarding the morphological, postural, and functional changes observed in individuals following glossectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A search without restrictions in eight databases (including grey literature) and hand searching from inception until March 2018 was performed. Data on morphological, postural, and functional changes after glossectomy were reviewed. Methodological quality was evaluated using the risk of bias in nonrandomized studies of intervention tool. RESULTS: Out of 835 initially identified unique records, only three articles following patients for 1 year after glossectomy fulfilled the selection criteria. Overall, no significant morphological, postural, and functional changes were observed. Only the distance between the dorsum and the nasal line increased and the freeway space decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, no significant differences were noted in the medium term, in terms of dentofacial structures adaptation and tongue function following glossectomy. Further research is warranted in order to elucidate the consequences of the altered oral environment.