Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are a consolidated source of income and acquisition of inputs from forest environments. Therefore, the objective of this work was to carry out a collection of publications on NTFPs in Brazil, until 2019, available in the Scopus database, presenting a bibliometric review and the state of the art of this theme from the evaluation of these publications, discussing the challenges of Brazilian legislation on NTFPs. After screening the articles of interest, 196 documents were evaluated, in which they were observed institutions and authors, analyzing networks of citations and terms used, areas of forest sciences and sciences that encompass the most explored biomes and the most studied species. The results showed that the concern to research on NTFPs in Brazil began in the 1990s, with an increase in the number of publications over the years. Besides that, the research on NTFPs is multidisciplinary, with emphasis on the areas of Agricultural and Biological Sciences and Environmental Science. For better regulation of the process of exploration and management of NTFPs in Brazil, the need to create specific legislation that takes into account factors such as the phytogeographic domain the explored area, producing species, and the products and co-products obtained was observed.

This research aimed to determine the concentration of tannins in the bark and in the branches of ten species of Caatinga occurrence. The Folin-Denis colorimetric method was used to determine the phenol content and the tannins are precipitated using a protein. The tannin content was obtained by the difference between the supernatant and the non-tannic phenol content. The data were subjected to the Shapiro-Wilk normality’s test and after, to Analysis of Variance using a 2x10 factorial design and Turkey’s test was used to detect differences. For bark sample, the species Parapiptadenia zehntneri, Parapiptadenia rigida and Libidibia ferrea presented the three highest percentages among the studied species, being 10.84%, 10.74% and 10.27%, respectively. For branch sample, Aspidosperma pyrifolium presented the highest percentage of tannins among the ten species, with 9.15% of these substances. It is possible to suggest the use of other parts of the tree to extract the tannins, such as the branches and their bark, offering an alternative for the extraction that is usually made from the main trunk and providing sustainability to the Caatinga.

This study aimed to characterize the wood energetically and evaluate the quality of the charcoal produced from different Eucalyptus sp. clones, identifying the most suitable. The basic density of wood and was determined, then, the proximate chemical analysis and the calorific value were determined from charcoal. The annual energy production was estimated by the relationship between the wood production of these Eucalyptus clones and the information obtained in the previous steps. The experiment was conducted following a completely randomized design. The data were submitted to the homogeneity test of Cochran's variances when they presented significant differences, the means were compared by Tukey (p = 5%). The properties of wood and charcoal were correlated by Pearson's correlation analysis (p = 0.05). According to the results, the genetic material didn't influence the chemical composition of charcoal, however, the clones of the E. urophylla × E. terticornis hybrids -C101 and E. urophylla -C39 showed better results concerning the basic density of the wood. In addition, the C101 hybrid showed the greatest wood production, as well as the mass of charcoal to be produced. Due to these characteristics, this hybrid presented a greater potential for annual energy production.

The objective of this work was to propose a nondestructive method to identify and quantify the damage caused by marine borers in wood structures. First, a test specimen was submerged in an estuarine environment for 120 days. Radiography was then applied to detect and evaluate the attack by marine borers. Two methods of evaluation were performed with the images to compare them. The first assessment was carried out using the QGIS® geoprocessing program for the treatment of images as a tool, which made it possible to identify and quantify the damage (in cm²). The second evaluation followed the method indicated in EN 275 (1992), which suggests a visual assessment, based on X-ray images, classified according to a template provided in the standard. Although the method using the image treatment by QGIS® is an estimate, it has the advantage of providing a numerical result, in contrast to the visual analysis, which is not as accurate due to its subjectivity. Besides this, the treatment of the images allowed good visualization of the damage to the specimen. The findings indicated that QGIS® can be used as a complement to the method proposed by EN 275 (1992).

Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0). O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.

A pesquisa teve como objetivo determinar o rendimento gravimétrico das carbonizações e caracterizar o carvão vegetal produzido a partir de galhos de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. (sabiá). Os galhos foram coletados no município de Camaragibe, localizado na Zona da Mata Norte do estado de Pernambuco, e fragmentados em cavacos, homogeneizados, e secos ao ar livre. Do material homogeneizado, foram obtidas dez amostras, que foram carbonizadas a fim de obter o rendimento gravimétrico e os teores de voláteis, cinzas, carbono fixo e poder calorífico do carvão vegetal. No processo de carbonização, os tratamentos utilizados corresponderam a duas taxas de aquecimento (1,4°C/min e 1,6°C/min), com cinco repetições para cada, ambas com temperatura final de 460°C. Estatisticamente, houve diferença para as variáveis materiais voláteis e rendimento gravimétrico, sendo mais altos no tratamento com maior taxa de aquecimento. Ao comparar os processos de carbonização, o tratamento com taxa de aquecimento de 1,6°C proporcionou melhor rendimento gravimétrico, porém os teores de carbono fixo e seus respectivos rendimentos em carvão vegetal, não diferiram para as taxas de aquecimento utilizadas. A partir das variáveis avaliadas, os resultados indicam que a madeira de M. caesalpiniifolia possui aptidão para uso energético e produção de carvão.

Esse artigo objetivou realizar a compilação das publicações relacionadas a bioderetioração da madeira em ambiente marinho no Brasil até 2019, apresentando uma revisão bibliométrica e o estado da arte sobre este tema. A pesquisa foi realizada utilizando três bases de dados: Scielo, Web of Science e Scopus. Os artigos passaram por uma triagem resultando em 17 documentos. Os principais parâmetros de avaliação foram as instituições que contribuíram para a pesquisa; distribuição das publicações ao longo dos anos; objetivo da pesquisa; e se o tema tecnologia da madeira foi abordado. O primeiro registro de publicações com brocas marinhas no Brasil foi na década de 1980, mas não houve um aumento de produção científica ao longo dos anos. Além disso, nenhum dos estudos avaliados teve a biodeterioração e preservação da madeira como foco, sendo mais direcionados para tópicos como ecologia, fisiologia e taxonomia dos xilófagos marinhos. Existe a necessidade estimular pesquisas voltadas para a biodeterioração e preservação da madeira relacionadas a brocas marinhas, tendo em vista a lacuna de estudos com esse tema, bem como a importância desses organismos no âmbito ambiental e econômico. Palavras-chave: xilófagos marinhos; preservação da madeira; moluscos; crustáceos.    Marine borers and wood biodeterioration in Brazil: a systematic review   ABSTRACT: This paper aims to carry out a compilation of publications on wood biodeterioration by marine borers in Brazil until 2019. It presents a bibliometric review and offers the state of the art on the subject. The research was carried out in three databases: Scielo, Web of Science and Scopus. The articles were screened resulting in 17 documents. The main evaluation parameters were the institutions that contributed to the research; distribution of publications over the years; aims; and if the subject wood technology was addressed. The analysis suggests that the first record on the subject dates from the 1980s, but there is no increase of studies published over the years. In addition, none of the studies focus on wood biodeterioration and preservation, being more directed towards topics such as ecology, physiology, and taxonomy of marine xylophages. There is a need to encourage research focused on wood biodeterioration and preservation related to marine borers, given the lack of studies on this topic, as well as the importance of these organisms in the environmental and economic sphere. Keywords: marine xylophages; wood preservation; molluscs; crustaceans.

Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0).O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.