In this article, the project and implementation of the sewer system in the Paquiçamba Village, as a condition for environmental licensing, was investigated. This village is surrounded by the influence of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Plant (Brazil). This research aimed to characterize the context of ethnodevelopment, thus recognizing the social participation of the indigenous people. The research within a qualitative approach between 2009 and 2018 was based on primary data sources (through structured interviews) and secondary data (electronic files related to the environmental licensing). Data were analysed according to descriptive, focused and selective observations until reaching theoretical saturation. The organization of the data was followed by the organization of the themes, which formed a spiral of interconnected activities based on Creswell's proposal (2014). It was detected that indigenous involvement occurred at some moments in the elaboration of the sewage system project. The maintenance of ancestral habits in the disposal of excreta by a portion of the indigenous people, even with the sewage system in place, makes it essential to broaden the debate on the projects proposed on the environmental licensing processes. The Indigenous can not only have a consultative role, but assume a deliberative participation, being protagonists in conducting their own development.
This paper presents the results of a P&D research developed by the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) for the Compahia Energética de Minas Gerais -CEMIG, entitled "Developing a tool to monitor and evaluate the economic, social and environmental sustainability of municipalities in the areas of influence around dams". In Brazil, the construction of large dams for hydropower plants generates transformations that cause conflicts of interest at national, regional, local and sector levels. In the areas of direct influence around power projects there are negative social and environmental impacts, particularly where populations have been displaced. Nonetheless, benefits are also brought to the region in which the energy is produced, and the power sector is interested in maximizing such benefits, while minimizing the negative impacts on the implementation area, particularly in the Amazon region. Thus, the critical challenge is how to measure such changes in an effective manner. Many multilateral institutions have undertaken efforts to produce tools to this end. This paper presents the Index of Sustainable Regional Integration (ISRI), a tool for monitoring and evaluating the regional integration of hydropower plants, based on a system of indicators covering the four main dimensions of sustainable development: environmental quality, socio-cultural quality, economic development and quality of public management.
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