Peritoneal dialysis is an established form of renal replacement therapy. With its increasing popularity, we are now encountering a variety of complications. Noninfectious complications are usually less common as compared with infectious complications. In this review, we discuss some of the common noninfectious complications of peritoneal dialysis such as hernias, hydrothorax, hemoperitoneum, pancreatitis, ischemic colitis and necrotizing enterocolitis, pneumoperitoneum, GERD, subcapsular steatosis and hypokalemia. The awareness of these complications will help in early diagnosis and treatment.
Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections are uncommon in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. They may present as exit-site infection or peritonitis causing signifi cant morbidity, sometimes resulting in loss of the PD catheter. There are no clear guidelines regarding the choice of antibiotics or duration of therapy. Often patients are treated with prolonged courses of antibiotics. We present a case of a human immunodefi ciency virus-positive PD patient with NTM exit-site infection along with a brief review of treatment and outcomes of previously reported NTM infections in PD patients.
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