A non-conjugated polymer acceptor PF1-TS4 was firstly synthesized by embedding a thioalkyl segment in the mainchain, which shows excellent photophysical properties on par with a fully conjugated polymer, with a low optical band gap of 1.58 eV and a high absorption coefficient > 10 5 cm À1 , a high LUMO level of À3.89 eV, and suitable crystallinity. Matched with the polymer donor PM6, the PF1-TS4-based all-PSC achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.63 %, which is % 45 % higher than that of a device based on the small molecule acceptor counterpart IDIC16. Moreover, the PF1-TS4-based all-PSC has good thermal stability with % 70 % of its initial PCE retained after being stored at 85 8C for 180 h, while the IDIC16-based device only retained % 50 % of its initial PCE when stored at 85 8C for only 18 h. Our work provides a new strategy to develop efficient polymer acceptor materials by linkage of conjugated units with non-conjugated thioalkyl segments.
For
Li–air batteries, dissolved gas can cross over from
the air electrode to the Li metal anode and affect the solid-electrolyte
interphase (SEI) formation, a phenomenon that has not been fully characterized.
In this work, the impact of atmospheric gases on the SEI properties
is studied using electrochemical methods and ex situ characterization
techniques, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction,
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy.
The presence of O2 significantly improved the lithium cyclability;
less lithium is consumed to form the SEI or is lost because of electrical
disconnects. However, the SEI resistivity and plating overpotentials
increased. Lithium cycled in an “air-like” mixed O2/N2 environment also demonstrated improved cycling
efficiency, suggesting that dissolved O2 participates in
electrolyte reduction, forming a homogeneous SEI, even at low concentrations.
The impact of gas environments on Li metal plating and SEI formation
represents an additional parameter in designing future Li-metal batteries.
M-DPT, a BODIPY-based water soluble near-infrared fluorescent probe with thiophene at the 1,7-position, is synthesized. M-DPT is found to possess high specificity to mitochondria, superior photostability, and appreciable tolerance to microenvironmental changes. Thus, this probe is a highly suitable imaging agent for targeting mitochondria and tracking morphology changes.
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