A new nanocomposite, lignosulfonate–graphene oxide–polyaniline (LS-GO-PANI), was prepared from aniline via an in situ polymerization in the presence of lignosulfonate and graphene oxide. The morphology and structure of the LS-GO-PANI ternary nanocomposite were characterized by FE-SEM, TEM, FTIR, and UV–vis spectroscopy. Furthermore, the adsorption property of Pb­(II) ions onto the nanocomposite was studied. The effects of adsorption time, initial pH value, adsorbent concentration, and initial adsorbate concentration on the adsorption of Pb­(II) ions in aqueous solution were investigated by batch experiments. The LS-GO-PANI ternary nanocomposite showed an adsorption capacity as high as 216.4 mg g–1 for Pb­(II) ions at 30 °C. Moreover, the adsorption kinetic and equilibrium data were described well with the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models for the Pb­(II) ions adsorption process. The results showed that the LS-GO-PANI ternary nanocomposite has great potential application in removal of Pb­(II) ions from industrial wastewater.

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Abstract. In order to analyze the influence of the lateral size of graphene oxide (GO) on the properties of natural rubber/ graphene oxide (NR/GO) nanocomposites, three different sized graphene oxide sheets, namely G1, G2 and G3 were used to fabricate a series of NR/GO nanocomposites by latex mixing. The results indicate that adding GO can remarkably increase the modulus of NR. The enhancement of modulus is strongly dependent on the size of GO sheets incorporated. G1 with smallest sheet size gives the maximum reinforcement effect compared with G2 and G3. Dynamic mechanical measurement and swelling ratios (Q f /Q g ) indicate that G1 has stronger interfacial interaction with NR. XRD shows G1 is more effective in accelerating the strain-induced crystallization (SIC) of NR. The strong interfacial interaction facilitates the stress transfer and strain-induced crystallization, both of which lead to the improved modulus.

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