Introduction:The inappropriate use of antibiotics has contributed to a worldwide problem of antimicrobial resistance. The objective of present study is to assess the most common microorganisms causing orofacial infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility to routinely used antibiotics in this part of India.Materials and Methods:Sixty eight patients with orofacial infection were selected on the basis of a series of predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Samples were collected under aseptic conditions and subjected to culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Descriptive statistics were provided.Results:A total of 64 aerobic and 87 anaerobic strains were isolated. The predominant bacteria were Streptococci viridans (64%), Prevotella (43%), Peptostreptococcus (26%), Porphyromonas (7%), and Fusobacterium (14%). The isolated strains seemed to be highly sensitive to the routinely used antibiotics such as amoxicillin – clavulanate and amoxicillin alone, clindamycin, and levofloxacin. In contrast, more resistance to erythromycin was observed.Conclusion:Amoxicillin still possesses powerful antimicrobial activity against major pathogens in orofacial odontogenic infections. Amoxicillin/clavulanate and clindamycin would also be advocated as being useful alternatives for the management of severe orofacial infections. However, the findings of this study indicate that erythromycin is of questionable benefit in the treatment of severe orofacial odontogenic infections.
Aims and Objectives:To evaluate the effect of bromelain on pain and swelling after surgical removal of third molars.Materials and Methods:A prospective randomized clinical study was conducted among 40 patients requiring surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. All the impacted molars were surgically removed, and the patients were administered bromelain along with amoxicillin. Patients were recalled on day 1, day 3, and day 7 for postoperative pain assessment using visual analogue scale (VAS) and postoperative swelling assessment using facial reference points tragus and pogonion. VAS score was statistically analyzed using repeated analysis of variance with post-hoc Bonferroni test postoperatively on day 1, day 3, and day 7 using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 14.Results:Out of the total 40 patients, bromelain was effective in 28 (70%) patients. In these patients, there was reduction in swelling and pain after taking bromelain.Conclusion:Bromelain can be used as a successful oral enzyme therapy for oral surgery patients, especially after removal of impacted third molars.
Background: In the past few decades, there has been an increasing interest in obtaining a more instantaneous return to normal function using diverse methods of direct fixation.Aims and Objectives: To compare the conventional 2-mm 2D (two-dimensional) miniplates and 2-mm 3D (three-dimensional) miniplates in terms of treatment outcome, stability, duration of surgery, and complications of treatment of symphysis and parasymphysis mandibular fractures.Materials and Methods: 16 patients with clinical and radiological evidence of fractures of the mandible in symphysis and parasymphysis areas treated by open reduction and internal fixation with 2D miniplates and 3D miniplates. The patients were followed up for three months and assessed clinically and radiographically by taking orthopantomograms. The assessment was made on the immediate postoperative day, third day, fifth day, the seventh day, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, two months, and three months.Results: Mean intraoperative time taken for 2D miniplate was 54.8 min and for 3D miniplate was 40.6 min. Mild paraesthesia at the soft tissue region supplied by mental nerve was noticed in two patients (25%) of group I, whereas there was no such paraesthesia observed in group II patients. Wound dehiscence and infection were noticed in one patient in group I.Conclusion: 3D plates seem to be better than conventional 2-mm miniplates for symphysis and parasymphysis fractures.
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