Nowadays, the prevalence of hypertension and its concomitant risk of cardiovascular and kidney disease development is increasing as the disability evidence in the society also rises. One of the potential risk factors of prehypertension is anxiety and it has already well-known that cortisol is a marker of anxiety. There are some nonpharmacologic methods to relieve anxiety: exercise and relaxation. Taichi Chuan is a low intensity aerobic exercise that also gives a relaxation effect.This study is organised to find out the effect of Taichi Chuan (TCC) and Jacobsons Progressive Muscular Relaxation (JPMR) on cortisol level in pre hypertension patients. This is a pre and post-test design study with a total of 26 pre hypertension patients included. They were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group I performed Taichi Chuan exercise, while group II performed JPMR for 18 times. The intervention frequency was 3x/week for 6 weeks with 30 minutes duration for each session. In the study, which was held in April-June 2015, there was a decrease but no significant difference of cortisol concentration in both group.The comparison between groups also did not show statistical difference. However there were significant difference noted on the blood pressure before and after intervention in both groups.
IIntroduction: The Radial Shock Wave Therapy (RSWT) expected could improve spasticity and hand function in chronic stroke patients. This study aimed to find out the improvement of hand function after RSWT as an additional therapy in chronic stroke patients. Methods: Design study was a randomized controlled trial, in December 2018. The patients were assigned randomly to the experimental group (Infrared, Stretching, and RSWT) and control group (Infrared and Stretching) for six weeks. Hand motor function was measured using Fugl-Meyer Motor Assesment (FMA) before and after intervention. Results: The median values of wrist FMA scores in the experimental and control group before and after intervention were 2 vs 5 (p=0.001) and 3 vs 4 (p<0.001) respectively. The median values of hand FMA scores in the experimental and control group before and intervention were 4 vs 6 (p=0,.001) and 4 vs 5 (p<0.001). However, the delta between before and after intervention was higher in experimental group. Conclusion: The improvement of wrist and hand FMA scores after added treatment by RSWT was tend to higher.Keywords: Spasticity, Hand Function, Stroke, Radial Shock Therapy, Fugl-Meyer Motor Assesment
Background : The use of smartphones and other digital devices such as laptops and tablets is familiar in Indonesian society. Excessive uses of the devices are associated with dry eye syndrome and tear film dysfunction. The intensity of blue light when penetrating the eye is believed to affect tear film stability. Thus it will encourage tear evaporation which proved by Schirmer test.Objective : To find out the difference of Schirmer test results before and after using a smartphone with various screen brightness levels.Methods : This study used pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study. The research subjects were students of the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University (n = 30) who were selected by purposive sampling. In this study, the research subjects used smartphones for an hour with a predetermined screen brightness level, with the same room lighting. Before and after treatment the subject was measured the quantity of tears using the Schirmer test. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, Mann Whitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis test.Results : The average pretest result on low brightness was 25,60 ± 9,44 and the post-test result was 17,60 ± 8,45. The pre-test result on medium brightness was 27,90 ± 9,46 and the post-test result was 24,80 ± 10,46. The pre-test result on high brightness was 23,60 ± 6,80 and the post-test result was 19,10 ± 7,95. The Schirmer test results before and after using smartphones with low brightness showed a significant different (P<0.05) and there was no significant difference for the pre-post test using smartphones with medium and high brightness. Comparison of Schirmer test results on low, medium and high screen brightness did not show a significant difference.Conclusion : There is no significant difference between the Schirmer test results among low, medium and high screen brightness after one hour of smartphone usage.
Background: Smartphone users can be found in almost every class society in Indonesia. Excessive use of smartphones and the blue light emitted by smartphones play an important role in causing asthenopia symptoms. Smartphone development companies have developed a blue light filter feature, which is expected to reduce the incidence of Asthenopia symptoms.Objective: To evaluate the Asthenopia questionnaire's comparison results before and after smartphone use with various levels of opacity in the blue light filter.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental pre-posttest study. The research subjects were students of the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University (n = 30), selected by purposive sampling. In this study, research subjects saw an hour-long smartphone with a predetermined opacity level for the blue light filter, with the same room lighting. Before and after the treatment, the subjects were asked to fill out the Asthenopia questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, Mann Whitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis test.Results: The results of the Asthenopia questionnaire before and after using a smartphone with a blue light filter opacity level of 0% and 100% showed a significant difference in results (p <0.05), and there was no significant difference for the pre-posttest using a smartphone with a blue light filter with 50% opacity level. The comparison results of the Asthenopia questionnaire between smartphone use with the opacity level of the blue light filter 0% and 50% only showed a significant difference in sore/aching eye symptoms. The comparison results of the Asthenopia questionnaire between smartphone use with the opacity level of the blue light filter 50% and 100% only showed a significant difference in sleepy eye symptoms. The comparison results of the Asthenopia questionnaire between smartphone use with the opacity level of the blue light filter 0%, 50%, and 100%, did not show a significant difference.Conclusion: There were no significant differences between the Asthenopia questionnaire results with 0%, 50%, and 100% opacity blue light filters after one hour of smartphone use.
Pendahuluan: Indonesia masih mengalami masalah gizi yaitu masih terdapatnya status gizi kurang bahkan gizi buruk. Nutrisi yang rendah atau buruk dapat mengurangi massa otot skeletal dan pernapasan, yang menyebabkan penurunan FVC dan FEV. FVC dan FEV merupakan parameter dari fungsi paru. Penelitian terdahulu menyebutkan bahwa olahraga dapat meningkatkan fungsi dari sistim pernapasan. Senam Sehat Anak Indonesia (SSAI) merupakan salah satu pilihan olahraga pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh SSAI terhadap FEV1 dan FVC pada anak underweight. Metoda: Penelitian ini menggunakan one group pre and posttest design. Populasi target adalah 24 anak underweight berusia 9-12 tahun di SDN Tembalang. Dilakukan pemeriksaan FEV1 dan FVC sebelum dan setelah pasien melakukan SSAI. Perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan menggunakan uji t-berpasangan. Nilai p dianggap bermakna apabila nilai p<0,05. Hasil: Peningkatan FEV1 (0,66±0,25) liter, FVC (0,22±0,28) liter setelah SSAI berturut-turut p=0,23 dan p=0,71. Diskusi: Pada SSAI dilakukan gerakan-gerakan senam yang dapat meningkatkan elastisitas paru serta memperkuat otot-otot pernapasan sehingga meningkatkan volume udara yang dapat diambil saat bernapas. Peningkatan nilai FVC dapat disebabkan oleh peningkatan volume dan elastisitas paru-paru. FEV1, FEV bervariasi dan tergantung dari otot pernapasan. Pada penelitian ini walaupun tidak bermakna secara statistik namun dalam rerata nilai FEV1 dan FVC terdapat peningkatan setelah SSAI. Hal ini mungkin dikarenakan frekuensi senam yang digunakan adalah frekuensi yang paling minimal yaitu 2 kali per minggu. Simpulan: SSAI 2 kali per minggu selama 6 minggu sebagai salah satu pilihan olahraga pada anak underweight usia 9-12 tahun namun dalam penelitian ini tidak didapatkan peningkatan bermakna pada FEV1 dan FVC. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut menggunakan frekuensi latihan yang lebih banyak dan durasi yang lebih panjang serta menggunakan kelompok kontrol. Kata kunci: Anak underweight; Forced Expired Volume in one second (FEV1); Forced Vital Capacity (FVC); Senam Sehat Anak Indonesia (SSAI) Introduction: Indonesia is still facing nutritional problems, the presence of low nutritional status and even poor nutrition. Low or poor nutrition can reduce skeletal and respiratory muscle mass, which causes a decrease in FVC and FEV. FVC and FEV are parameters of lung function. Previous research suggests that exercise can improve the function of the respiratory system. Senam Sehat Anak Indonesia (SSAI) is one of the sports for children. This study aims to analyze the effect of SSAI on FEV1 and FVC in underweight children. Method: The design of this study was one group pre and post test design. The target population was underweight children at Tembalang Elementary School. FEV1 and FVC were examined before and after the patient underwent SSAI. Difference before and after treatment using paired t-test. The p value is considered significant if the p value <0.05. Results: There was no significant increase of FEV1 (0.66 ± 0.25) liters, FVC (0.22 ± 0.28) liters after SSAI with p= 0.23 and p = 0.71, respectively. Discussion: At SSAI, gymnastic movements are performed that can increase lung elasticity and strengthen breathing muscles, thereby increasing the volume of air that can be taken while breathing. Increased FVC is caused by an increase in lung volume and elasticity. FEV1, FEV varies and depends on the respiratory muscles. In weak expiratory muscles, a person's ability to expiration rapidly decrease and also the FEV1.FVC index. The mean of FEV1 and FVC values ??after SSAI increased but were not significant. In this study, although not statistically significant, the mean values ??of FEV1 and FVC were increased after SSAI. This may be due to the frequency of gymnastics used is the most minimal frequency of 2 times per week. Conclusion: SSAI twice per week for 6 weeks as one of the exercise choices in underweight children aged 9-12 years but in this study no significant increase in FEV1 and FVC was found. Further research is needed using more exercise frequency and longer duration and using a control group.Keywords: Underweight children; Forced Expired Volume in one second (FEV1); Forced Vital Capacity (FVC); Senam Sehat Anak Indonesia (SSAI)
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