Nowadays, the prevalence of hypertension and its concomitant risk of cardiovascular and kidney disease development is increasing as the disability evidence in the society also rises. One of the potential risk factors of prehypertension is anxiety and it has already well-known that cortisol is a marker of anxiety. There are some nonpharmacologic methods to relieve anxiety: exercise and relaxation. Taichi Chuan is a low intensity aerobic exercise that also gives a relaxation effect.This study is organised to find out the effect of Taichi Chuan (TCC) and Jacobsons Progressive Muscular Relaxation (JPMR) on cortisol level in pre hypertension patients. This is a pre and post-test design study with a total of 26 pre hypertension patients included. They were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group I performed Taichi Chuan exercise, while group II performed JPMR for 18 times. The intervention frequency was 3x/week for 6 weeks with 30 minutes duration for each session. In the study, which was held in April-June 2015, there was a decrease but no significant difference of cortisol concentration in both group.The comparison between groups also did not show statistical difference. However there were significant difference noted on the blood pressure before and after intervention in both groups.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common neuropathy compression syndrome. The effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as one of the conservative therapy for CTS is still debatable. High-intensity laser therapy (HILT) is developed with higher energy and deeper tissue penetration than LLLT. This study aimed to compare the effect of HILT and LLLT on sensory and motoric electrophysiologic parameters in moderate CTS patients. This was an experimental randomized pre and post-test group study. Sixteen patients (fifteen females and one male) with moderate CTS were randomly assigned into two groups. The HILT group was given HILT with analgesic dosage 10 J/cm 2 and biostimulation dosage 120 J/cm 2 . The LLLT group was given LLLT with dosage 6 J/cm 2 . All treatments were given for ten sessions in 2 weeks. Combined sensory index (CSI), sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV), and distal motoric latency (DML) were recorded before and three days after the last treatment. The mean decrease of CSI was more significant in HILT group (-0.37±0.37 ms; p=0.03). There were no significant differences in the mean increase of SNCV (HILT = 3.16±3.15 m/s, LLLT= 2.74±1.42 m/s; p=0.73) and mean decrease in DML between two groups (HILT = -0.20 ± 0.18 ms , LLLT = -0.14 ± 0.21 ms; p=0.52). In conclusion, the HILT is more effective than LLLT in improving the CSI values in moderate CTS patients.

Lupus eritematosus sistemik (LES) merupakan penyakit autoimun yang heterogen yang  melibatkan banyak organ dengan gambaran klinis yang beragam. Penyakit ini ditandai oleh produksi antibodi terhadap komponen-komponen inti dan umumnya terjadi pada wanita (rasio 9:1),  setelah masa pubertas  (pada usia 20-30 tahun) serta dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetika. Pada LES didapatkan keterlibatan kulit dan mukosa, sendi, darah, jantung, paru, ginjal, susunan saraf pusat (SSP) dan sistem imun. Dilaporkan bahwa pada 1000 pasien LES di Eropa yang diikuti selama 10 tahun, manifestasi klinis terbanyak berturut-turut adalah arthritis sebesar 48,1%, ruam malar 31,1%, nefropati 27,9%, fotosensitivitas 22,9%, keterlibatan neurologik 19,4% dan demam 16,6%. Kami melaporkan pasien LES wanita usia 23 tahun dengan arthritis yang mengakibatkan limitasi lingkup gerak sendi (LGS) bahu dan jari tangan sehingga kesulitan dalam melakukan aktivitas  sehari-hari (AKS) menggunakan tangan antara lain menggenggam dan memakai pakaian dalam, gangguan pola jalan akibat kekakuan lutut kiri. serta keterbatasan ambulasi (jarak tempuh) akibat nyeri sendi ekstremitas bawah. Pasien diberikan program latihan aerobik dan LGS ekstremitas bawah menggunakan static ergocycle,  latihan LGS ekstremitas atas dengan Mechanical Therapy Unit (MTU) serta latihan motorik halus dan latihan AKS. Setelah satu bulan, pasien mengalami perbaikan dalam menggenggam dan memakai pakaian dalam  serta dapat berjalan dalam jarak sekitar 100m  tetapi  pasien masih berjalan jinjit pada kaki kiri akibat kekakuan lutut dan pergelangan kaki kiri.

Introduction: About 75-85% of cases of scoliosis are idiopathic, with unknown cause whose ratio between men and women is 1: 8. In severe scoliosis, many disorders may occur such as muscle imbalance, pain, muscle weakness, degenerative joint disease, decreased cardiovascular capacity, and neurological disorders.Case Presentation: We reported a 14-year-old boy patient post posterior instrumentation and fusion surgery e.c neglected idiopathic triple curve scoliosis with neuromuscular complications such as weakness in upper and lower limbs causing disruption in hand functions and ambulation disorders, and respiration disorders such as shortness of breath, especially when walking in long-distance or running.The rehabilitation program consisting of exercise in the pool, fine motor exercise, activity of daily living (ADL) exercise, chest expansion exercise, and orthotic administration, which aims to support therecovery of patients to full function as early as possible.Conclusion: After 2 months, the patient showed slight improvement in functional, ambulation, and hand function due to non-routine exercise at the hospital.

Latar belakang : Otot core berperan penting dalam aktivitas sehari-hari. Individu yang mengalami obesitas cenderung memiliki endurance otot core yang rendah. Remaja adalah masa dimana seseorang banyak melakukan aktivitas fisik seperti naik turun tangga di sekolah dan masa kritis pertumbuhan untuk menjdi dewasa. Remaja obesitas dengan endurance otot core yang rendah berisiko mengalami cedera otot saat aktivitas atau nyeri punggung bawah pada jangka panjang. Endurance otot core dapat ditingkatkan dengan latihan core menggunakan swissball atau resistance band. Tujuan : membuktikan perbedaan efektivitas latihan core dengan swissball dan resistance band terhadap endurance otot core remaja obesitas. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan randomized controlled trial. Sebanyak 36 remaja obesitas yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dirandomisasi dan dibagi kedalam dua kelompok latihan core dengan swissball (n=18) dan resistance band (n=18). Kelompok latihan core dengan swissball dan resistance band masing-masing menjalani latihan selama 6 minggu dengan frekuensi 3 kali per minggu, dengan durasi latihan 40 menit tiap sesi. Endurance otot core dinilai dengan McGill Core Endurance test. Kesimpulan : Latihan core dengan resistance band dapat meningkatkan endurance otot core remaja obesitas lebih tinggi dibandingakan dengan latihan core dengan menggunakan swissball.

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Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a prototype of an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antibodies against cell nucleus components with a broad spectrum of clinical patterns. The SLE will cause long-term complications so that SLE patients tend to have sedentarylifestyle and decrease physical activity which reduces exercise capacity. The aim of therapeutic exercise is to improve a variety of clinical symptoms in SLE patients by alleviate the inflammatory process and modifying the disease’s natural course.Methods: All of references have searched in 2018 within the areas of rheumatology, immunology, cardiology, physical education and physiotherapy.Results: Therapeutic exercise in SLE has an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators including TNF-α. Therapeutic exercise in the form of aerobic and resistance exercise able to improve aerobic capacity, reduced fatigue, increasing chronotropic reserve, heart raterecovery, functional performance, functional capacity, muscle strength and increase bone turn over. Therapeutic exercise was not aggravated disease activity as measured by SLE Activity Index (SLEDAI) and SLE Activity Measure (SLAM) index.Conclusion: Supervised aerobic and resistance exercise seems to help improve health, vitality and self perceived physical capacity in SLE patients.Keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus , therapeutic exercise, SLEDAI, SLAM index

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a prototype of an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antibodies against cell nucleus components with a broad spectrum of clinical patterns. The SLE will cause long-term complications so that SLE patients tend to have sedentary lifestyle and decrease physical activity which reduces exercise capacity. The aim of therapeutic exercise is to improve a variety of clinical symptoms in SLE patients by alleviate the inflammatory process andmodifying the disease’s natural course. Methods: All of references have searched in 2018 within the areas of rheumatology, immunology,cardiology, physical education and physiotherapy. Results: Therapeutic exercise in SLE has an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators including TNF-α. Therapeutic exercise in the form of aerobic and resistance exercise able to improve aerobic capacity, reduced fatigue, increasing chronotropic reserve, heart rate recovery, functional performance, functional capacity, muscle strength and increase bone turn over.Therapeutic exercise was not aggravated disease activity as measured by SLE Activity Index (SLEDAI) and SLE Activity Measure (SLAM) index. Conclusion: Supervised aerobic and resistance exercise seems to help improve health, vitality and self perceived physical capacity in SLE patients.