TMR, female sex, and older age were risk factors independently associated with TMD. The results also suggest that patients' awareness of potential risk factors for TMD should be taken into account on an individual basis.

The Portuguese translation of the OBC exhibits cross-cultural equivalence for use in Portugal, and the instrument performs with acceptable psychometric properties. The validity of the parafunction construct requires additional research in both Portuguese and other languages.

Background Many different types of oral overuse behaviours occur frequently in adult populations with painful temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Less is known regarding these behaviours and their associations with TMDs in university students. Objectives Test the association between frequency of different oral overuse behaviours evaluated by the Oral Behaviour Checklist (OBC) and the severity of painful TMDs. Methods In this cross‐sectional study, 1381 students from 19 universities in the Oporto District, Portugal, completed the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) Personal History Questionnaire and the OBC, and they received an RDC/TMD clinical examination. The OBC sum score (ranging from 0 to 84 points) was classified as normal (0 ≤ 16 points), low overuse (17 ≤ 24) or high overuse (≥25). Painful TMD subtypes (myalgia, arthralgia or combined) were identified. Associations were tested using multivariable binary logistic regression models (α = .05), adjusted for age and sex, and referencing the normal parafunction group. Results University students with high overuse were more likely to have a painful TMD: myalgia (OR = 1.9, 95% CL: 1.3–3.0); arthralgia (OR = 2.2; 95% CL: 1.4–3.4), combined (OR = 5.0; 95% CL: 3.1–8.1). Students with low overuse were more likely to have only the combined painful TMD (OR = 2.4; 95% CL: 1.4–4.0) but not the individual painful disorders. Of the 21 different behaviours, 13 were reported at least 50% of the time. Conclusions In this university student sample, oral overuse behaviours are widespread, and their overall extent exhibited a dose‐response relationship with respect to severity of painful TMDs based on pain and chronicity. Only some behaviours were independently associated with painful TMDs, suggesting the value of further OBC instrument development.

Background. Occlusal splints with sensors help in the bruxism diagnosis and monitoring, by recording the patient’s bite force. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a pressure sensor when it is covered with different thicknesses of a 3D printing resin (Anycubic 405nm Translucent Green UV Resin, Anycubic, UK). Methods. In this preliminary study, the evaluated sensor (FlexiForce A201 Sensor, Tekscan) was firstly calibrated without any type of cover material, and later tested with 3D printing resin with different thicknesses (1 mm, 1.15 mm, 1.4 mm and 1.6 mm). The load tests were performed by a force tester (MultiTest 2.5 dV, Mecmesin). Results. When the pressure sensor was covered with resin of 1mm and 1.6 mm thick specimens, a higher difference was found between the applied load and the corresponding sensor reading. Conclusion. It was concluded that it is possible to use this type of pressure sensor and that it showed better accuracy with the 1.15 mm and 1.4 mm 3D printing resin covering.