Objective The purpose of this study was to understand through a quantitative assessment, the views of HPV and HPV vaccination among parents of sons from a FQHC in PR. Methods A self-administered questionnaire was given to a convenience sample of 200 parents of sons 9–17 years old. Results Nearly 30% of the parents reported that their sons had initiated the HPV vaccine regimen. Health care provider recommendation was significantly associated with vaccine initiation. Among parents of unvaccinated sons, the main reason for not getting the HPV vaccine was they did not know that boys were allowed to get the vaccine. Conclusions Future efforts should focus on multilevel interventions aimed to increase knowledge as well as other modified behavioral determinants in parents of young males about HPV and the vaccine. Capacity building efforts should be targeted also to increase health providers’ education and communication skills to promote HPV vaccination effectively.

The purpose of this study was to describe the socio-demographic characteristics, awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV), and willingness to vaccinate among a convenience sample of 60 immigrant Dominican parents of adolescent sons in a Federal Qualified Health Clinic (FQHC) in Puerto Rico (PR). Participation involved completing a self-administered survey. Even though more than half of the parents had not received proper HPV vaccine orientation from healthcare provider (58.3%) nor asked provider for vaccination recommendation for their adolescent sons (56.7%), most parents were aware of HPV (91.7%) and HPV vaccination among males (55.0%). Among those with unvaccinated sons, willingness to vaccinate the son within the next year was high (83.8%). The low vaccination percentage (31.7%) and information exchange between the parents and the son’s healthcare provider indicates an opportunity for future culturally tailored interventions to target HPV vaccination among healthcare providers and parents of foreign descent in order to increase HPV vaccine uptake among males.

Black stains and dental caries in Brazilian schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of black stains (BS) and factors associated with their occurrence and to investigate the association of BS with caries experience after adjusting for other risk indicators. A school-based, cross-sectional study using multistage sampling of children aged 10-12 years from 20 private and public schools in Pelotas/Southern Brazil was conducted (n = 706). Children were evaluated for BS and dental caries (DMFT/dmft index) and socioeconomic information was collected by questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate Poisson regressions were used to assess variables associated with the prevalence of BS and with caries experience. The prevalence of BS was 5.81%. The mean DMFT/dmft was 1.54 (±1.91), with a maximum value of 10. Among the children with BS, mean dmft/DMFT was 1.22 (SD 1.68), with a maximum value of 6. After adjustments for demographics and socioeconomic variables, dental plaque and tooth brushing habits, prevalence of BS was associated with lower caries experience (RR 0.67; 95%CI 0.49-0.92).In conclusion, the presence of BS showed an association with lower dental caries experience in the evaluated population. Future studies should investigate the mechanisms behind this association.

Background: A quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was licensed in 2009 for boys and young males aged 9-26 years for the prevention of genital warts. In 2011, new recommendations to routine vaccination were given for prevention of genital warts and anal cancer in males. Given that HPV vaccine is most effective if administered prior to HPV exposure through sexual contact, vaccination promotion strategies on male adolescents younger than 17 years old are essential. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the profile of parents of boys 9-17 years old, identify correlates associated with HPV vaccine initiation, and have a better understanding of the educational messages that might influence the HPV vaccine administration. Methods: A mixed-method study was conducted in HealthproMed, a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) in Santurce, Puerto Rico. A self-administered questionnaire containing sociodemographic information as well as a module on HPV vaccine was collected among 200 parents. Also, two separate focus group sessions were held among parents of vaccinated and unvaccinated boys. Descriptive statistics were performed to characterize the study population. Bivariate analysis was used to assess HPV vaccine initiation (received ≤ 1 dose) as the dependent variable, and other parents and sons' characteristics as independent variables. Those variables who achieved statistical significance (p <0.05) in the bivariate analysis were then included in a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The mean age of the recruited parents was 37.7 ± 7.2 years old. The vast majority were females (88.5%), born in Puerto Rico (65.3%), and reported a high school degree or lower (57.4%). Regarding sons' characteristics, their mean age was 12.5 ± 2.6 years old. Most of the parents reported that their sons had visited a healthcare provider in the last year (78.1%) and that they had a healthcare coverage (75.0%). Approximately a third of the parents reported that their sons had initiated the HPV vaccination (29.3%). Most of the interviewed parents have heard about HPV infection (88.1%), and the administration of the vaccine among males (62.4%). In multivariate analysis, parents who had asked a health provider (OR= 6.5; 95% CI= 1.2-34.4) and received a health provider recommendation (OR= 13.0; 95% CI= 2.1-82.7) to get their sons the HPV vaccine, as well as having a daughter who had received the HPV vaccine (OR= 4.9; 95% CI= 1.1-22.4), were more likely to have initiated the HPV vaccine administration. Focus groups supported our quantitative analysis in recommending health care providers for HPV vaccination. Presentations of clinical images to document the health consequences of HPV infection were suggested by parents. Interest topics among parents in order to increase HPV vaccination includes: (1) understanding of the risk factors for HPV infection; (2) vaccine costs; (3) places where the vaccine can be administered; and (4) understanding the importance of administer the vaccine in a timely schedule. Conclusions: Quantitative data shows that health care provider recommendation is associated with HPV vaccine initiation. Qualitative data, on the other hand, highlighted the topics and messages that should be included as part of educational campaigns targeting parents and young men for HPV vaccination. Since a high percentage of unvaccinated parents indicated that they have not received recommendation from healthcare providers, efforts in HPV vaccine promotion should include capacity building strategies for healthcare providers to then educate parents and their sons about the benefits of the HPV vaccination. Citation Format: Lizbeth M. Del Toro-Mejias, Alexandra Conde-Toro, Michelle Serra-Rivera, Tania M. Martinez, Veronica Rodriguez, Hector Villanueva, Luis Berdiel, Vivian Colon-Lopez. HPV vaccine initiation among Hispanic adolescent males in Puerto Rico: A mixed-method study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B62. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-B62