3512 Background: The OPERA trial was testing the hypothesis that Contact x-ray brachytherapy (CXB) 50 kV boost will increase the rectal preservation rate in early T2-T3ab rectal adenocarcinoma. We present the 3 years clinical results. Methods: Inclusion criteria were: Age > 18 years, PS: 0-1, adenocarcinoma, distal - middle rectum, cT2-T3ab cN0-N1 < 8mm staged using MRI, M0. Stratification: T < vs ≥ 3 cm diameter. Control arm (A) was chemoradiotherapy (CRT) 45Gy/ 5 weeks with concurrent chemotherapy (Capecitabine 825 mg / m2) and external beam radiotherapy boost (9Gy/ 5 fr/ 1 week). Experimental arm used the same CRT (Cape 45) but the boost used CXB (90 Gy/ 3 fr/ 4 weeks). CXB was given first (B1) for tumor < 3 cm and after cap 45 (B2) for tumor ≥ 3 cm. Response assessment was made at week 14 after treatment start using palpation, endoscopy and MRI. A new assessment could be made at week 20 and 24 with a second MRI.TME was recommended in case of Partial response, Watch& Wait in case of clinical complete response (cCR). Bowel function measurement used LARS score. Main end- point was: Rate of organ preservation at 3 years. The hypothesis (in 2014) was 20% arm A vs 40% arm B (HR:0.53). Results: Between 5-2015 and 6-2020, 144 patients were included (France 96, UK 44, Switzerland 4). The analysis was made in 01-2022 with a median Follow-up time of 34 months. Treatment compliance was good in ≥ 90% of patients. Table gives main patients characteristics and clinical outcome. At three years the OP rate (Kaplan Meier estimate) was respectively arm A vs B: 60% vs 81% (HR 0.34 [95% CI 0.19 – 0.73]; p= 0.005). At three years OP for group A1 and B1 were: 65% vs 97% (HR 0.081 [95% CI 0.01-0.64]; p= 0.02). Conclusions: A CXB boost, when combined with chemoradiotherapy, increases the rate of organ preservation in early rectal adenocarcinoma. Starting with CXB in T < 3 cm appears as an attractive option. A B A1 (T < 3cm) B1 (T < 3cm) N° patient 71 73 30 32 Median age 68 69 69 70 Gender M/F 45/26 43/30 18/12 18/14 T2/T3 45/26 47/26 25/5 29/3 Distal/middle 53/18 53/20 21/9 27/5 cCR (W 14-24) 61% 90% p < 0.001 70% 94% p = 0.027 TME 26 12 8 1 Death 2 2 1 0 LARS < 30 80% 83% 87% 86%.

PURPOSE RUBY is a tool for extracting clinical data on breast cancer from French medical records on the basis of named entity recognition models combined with keyword extraction and postprocessing rules. Although initial results showed a high precision of the system in extracting clinical information from surgery, pathology, and biopsy reports (≥92.7%) and good precision in extracting data from consultation reports (81.8%), its validation is needed before its use in routine practice. METHODS In this work, we analyzed RUBY's performance compared with the manual entry and we evaluated the generalizability of the approach on different sets of reports collected on a span of 40 years. RESULTS RUBY performed similarly or better than the manual entry for 15 of 27 variables. It showed similar performances when structuring newer reports but failed to extract entities for which changes in terminology appeared. Finally, our tool could automatically structure 15,990 reports in 77 minutes. CONCLUSION RUBY can automate the data entry process of a set of variables and reduce its burden, but a continuous evaluation of the format and structure of the reports and a subsequent update of the system is necessary to ensure its robustness.

Abiraterone acetate (AA) is the first-in-class of drugs belonging to the second-generation of agents inhibiting androgen neosynthesis in advanced prostate cancer. A cumulative experience attests that germinal gene polymorphisms may play a role in the prediction of anticancer agent pharmacodynamics variability. In the present prospective, multicentric study, gene polymorphisms of CYP17A1 (AA direct target) and the androgen transporter genes SLCO2B1 and SLCO1B3 (potential modulators of AA activity) were confronted with AA pharmacodynamics (treatment response and toxicity) in a group of 137 advanced prostate cancer patients treated in the first line by AA. The median follow-up was 56.3 months (95% CI [52.5–61]). From multivariate analysis, rs2486758 C/C (CYP17A1) and PSA (≥10 ng/mL) were associated with a shorter 3-year biological PFS (HR = 4.05, IC95% [1.46–11.22]; p = 0.007 and HR = 2.08, IC95% [1.31–3.30]; p = 0.002, respectively). From a multivariate analysis, the rs743572 (CYP17A1) and performance status were independently associated with significant toxicity (OR = 3.78 (IC95% [1.42–9.75]; p = 0.006 and OR = 4.54; IC95% [1.46–13.61]; p = 0.007, respectively). Host genome characteristics may help to predict AA treatment efficacy and identify patients at risk for toxicity.

Nutritional support during radiotherapy is crucial to tolerating and completing oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) treatment. The impact of HPV status on nutritional support is debated. The objective was to evaluate the rate of Reactive Feeding Tube (RFT) use and determine its prognostic factors during definitive radiotherapy for OPSCC. All OPSCC patients treated from 2009 to 2014 were included in this multicentric retrospective study. The impact of tumor p16 status on the risk of RFT was assessed through multivariate analyses. Among the 543 patients, 103 patients required an RFT (19.0%). The use of RFT differed between centers (5% to 32.4%). In multivariate analysis, only tongue base involvement and concurrent chemotherapy were significantly associated with RFT (OR = 2.18 and 3.7, respectively). Tongue base involvement and concomitant chemotherapy were prognostic factors for RFT. HPV status was not a prognostic factor for enteral nutrition during radiotherapy for OPSCC.

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