Sprague Dawley rats and Kunming (KM) mice are artificially infected with type II Toxoplasma gondii strain Prugniaud (Pru) to generate toxoplasmosis, which is a fatal disease mediated by T. gondii invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by unknown mechanisms. The aim is to explore the mechanism of differential susceptibility of mice and rats to T. gondii infection. Therefore, a strategy of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) is established to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the rats’ and the mice's brains compared to the healthy groups. In KM mice, which is susceptible to T. gondii infection, complement component 3 (C3) is upregulated and the tight junction (TJ) pathway shows a disorder. It is presumed that T. gondii‐stimulated C3 disrupts the TJ of the blood–brain barrier in the CNS. This effect allows more T. gondii passing to the brain through the intercellular space.

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in female mammals during pregnancy can result in poor pregnancy. Similarly, it can result in male reproductive disorders in male mammals. Although the testes and uterus have very different biological makeup, they are still both attacked by T. gondii resulting in reproductive dysfunctions. We hypothesized that there are significant common genes in the testes and uterus that interact with T. gondii. Finding out and studying these genes is vital to understand the infection mechanism of T. gondii and the induced disease pathogenesis. To achieve this goal, we built a mice model of acute infection with T. gondii and the testes and uterus of the mice were sequenced by RNA-Seq. A total of 291 and 679 significantly differently expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from the testes and the uterus, respectively. In the Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, part of the DEGs in the testes and uterus were related to 35 GO functions. When compared with the KEGG database, seven pathways affecting both the testes and uterus during the course of T. gondii infection were identified. In addition, Toxoplasmosis can significantly affect the expression of Nlrp5 and Insc leading to negative outcomes in the host. On the other hand, the host regulates Gbp7, Gbp2b, and Ifit3 to defend against T. gondii infection.

Field measurements are the most effective and direct way to evaluate the effects of vibration reduction measures. Through field measurements, this study examined the actual damping effects and vibration transfer characteristics of five vibration reduction measures for subway systems, namely, steel spring floating slabs, resilient short crossties, double-layer nonlinear damping fasteners, Vanguard fasteners and rubber floating slabs. The vibration level and 1/3 octave frequency division vibration level was used as vibration evaluation indices for analysis. This study aimed to provide a reference for the actual damping effects of vibration reduction measures. The results show the following: steel spring floating slabs outperformed resilient short crossties by 23.2 dB. Double-layer nonlinear damping fasteners outperformed Vanguard fasteners and rubber floating slabs by 1.6 and 2 dB, respectively. Resilient short crossties, Vanguard fasteners and double-layer nonlinear damping fasteners were effective in reducing vibration from steel rails to track beds (floating slabs). Steel spring floating slabs and rubber floating slabs were effective in reducing vibration from track beds (floating slabs) to tunnel walls.