The
development of high-activity catalysts with good selectivity
for the direct synthesis of H2O2 from H2 and O2 remains challenging. TiO2–C
used as a support material is able to facilitate strong metal–support
interactions. We designed catalysts for the direct synthesis of hydrogen
peroxide that utilized the synergistic effects of hybrid TiO2–C supports and ordered alloyed PdNi nanoparticles in a neutral
reaction solution. Through thermal hydrogen treatment, the ordered
structure of the alloyed PdNi nanocatalysts was transformed. 1H NMR was used to measure the amount of water formed as an
estimate of selectivity. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy
and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies showed an excellent dispersion
of the bimetallic PdNi nanocatalyst on the hybrid support. X-ray absorption
spectroscopy gave clear evidence of metal–support interactions
with electron transfer from the ordered alloyed PdNi nanocatalysts
to the defect TiO2–C support, resulting in a noteworthy
performance with high H2O2 productivity and
selectivity under ambient conditions. This work provides a route to
an economically viable alternative to existing Pd-based heterogeneous
catalysts for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide.
Dengue fever is a global mosquito-borne viral infectious
disease
that has, in recent years, rapidly spread to almost all regions of
the world. Lack of vaccination and directed treatment makes detection
at the infection’s early stages extremely important for disease
prevention and clinical care. In this paper, we developed a rapid
and highly sensitive dengue detection tool using a novel platform
of diagnosis, called spin-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay (SELFIA)
with a fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) as a reporter. Taking advantage
of the unique magneto-optical properties of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy
centers in the FND, the SELFIA platform utilizes alternating electromagnetic
fields to modulate signals from FND’s fluorescence to provide
sensitive and specific results. With sandwich SELFIA, we could efficiently
detect all four dengue non-structural protein (NS1) serotypes (DV1,
DV2, DV3, and DV4). The lowest detection concentration of the dengue
NS1 antigens varied from 0.1 to 1.3 ng/mL, which is among the lowest
limits of detection to date. The FND-based SELFIA technique is up
to 500 and 5000 times more sensitive than carbon black and conventional
gold nanoparticles, respectively. By using different anti-NS1 antibodies,
we could differentiate the NS1 antigen serotypes contained in the
tested samples via three simultaneous assays. Proposed SELFIA allows
for both qualitative and quantitative differentiation between different
NS1 protein serotypes, which will assist in the development of a highly
sensitive and specific detection platform for dengue screening that
has the potential to detect the disease at its early stages, especially
in high-risk and limited-resource areas.
Although the printing offset technique offered the best printout quality among other printing techniques, however, there is a drawback of the offset technique which needs great skill to handle the process, i.e the presence of trace water molecules on the image area of the plate. The water’s existence in the image area leads to the poor covering of ink which makes the blurry printout than it must be. Therefore, we used various concentrations of propylene glycol such as 0%, 0.05%, and 0.1% as wetting agents to prevent the trace water sticks to the image area of the plate. We used the HVS paper 80 g/m2 as printing material and the machine of Oliver Sakurai 472 ED to study the role of propylene glycol. Propylene glycol has been considered based on stronger interaction with water molecules than the interaction of the image area - propylene glycol. By investigating the visual quality, density, and dot gain of the printout, we concluded that the wetting agent content of PG 0.05% (v/v) increased the visual brightness, and density of the printout, compared to the water only as the wetting solution.
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