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Currently, one of the most important problems in Russian refineries is the lack of production of high-octane gasoline that meets current and future environmental requirements. One solution for this problem is blending oxygenates into gasoline, for example, tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME) and methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). Each of these substances has its advantages and disadvantages. Prospects for obtaining other high-octane components alternative to MTBE and TAME may have good prospects. One choice is dimerization of isobutylene to produce di-isobutylene and the product consists mainly of isooctene isomers. Physico-chemical characteristics of isooctene sample as component of motor gasoline in comparison with MTBE and TAME are investigated. The results showed that the introduction of isooctene, which has low volatility, leads to a decrease in Reid vapor pressure (RVP) of base gasoline at the level of TAME. Furthermore, the antiknock properties of isooctene in various gasoline bases are established. The values of the isooctene blend octane numbers calculated in the ranges of 108–150 by the research methods and 92–136 by the motor methods are calculated according to the obtained results, isooctene has high antiknock detonation efficiency at the MTBE level. Finally, the use of isooctene as gasoline additives gives good prospects to refining companies in light of decreasing the overhead, enhancing the grade of product, as well as decreasing large effects on the environment.

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Oil refineries strive to maximize the production of high-octane components using selective dimerization of olefin-containing gases. A known process is the technology for the production of diisobutylene (isooctene); the properties of this product are well-known. Another, less well-known process is the process of producing isohexene as the product from the dimerization of propylene, and its properties are poorly described in the literature. This research introduces a novel simple strategy to employ isohexene as a promising high-octane gasoline booster intended for internal combustion engines. Physicochemical characteristics of the isohexene sample were examined in agreement with all specifications of Russian and European standards (GOST 32513-2013 and EN 228:2012). The comparison between isohexene and others gasoline components, such as base automotive gasolines, MTBE, as well as TAME, has been done in order to assess the detonation resistance performance of isohexene at a concentration of 15 wt % from each gasoline component. The results demonstrated that the use of isohexene as an automotive gasoline booster has great prospects due to its high-octane rating at the degree of MTBE, in addition to isohexene owning low volatility which causes a reduction in RVP of base gasoline, but to a lesser extent than TAME. Likewise, the oxidation stability of isohexene is not high, and to overcome this problem, an antioxidant, such as agidol-1, was added. Furthermore, when the concentrations of isooctene (diisobutylene) and isohexene with isooctane were up to 60 and 10 wt %, respectively, the oxidation stability value was above the Russian and European standard regulations of 360 min intended for an automotive gasoline. Finally, the detonation resistance performance of isohexene was also estimated with various refinery gasoline products, involving blend “70”, reformate, isomerate, and fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) naphtha, and the results illustrated that calculated isohexene blend octane numbers ranged from 104.3 to 144.5 by the research techniques and from 83 to 121.5 by the motor techniques.

Gasoline produced from Fischer–Tropsch technology has low detonation characteristics and does not have any aromatic hydrocarbons; thus, it should be maximized by blending with oxygenated compounds, which give good prospects for enhancing the physicochemical characteristics of them. This research investigates the production of an environmental gasoline with high quality depending upon gasoline produced from Fischer–Tropsch technology. An improvement in the octane rating of gasoline produced from Fischer–Tropsch technology was conducted by blending it with methanol and a blend of aromatic hydrocarbons of composition C7–C10, which includes toluene, o- and m-xylenes, and isopropyl benzene. Furthermore, physicochemical properties of gasoline produced were studied according to the standard regulations of Russian GOST 32513-2013, European EN 228:2012, Chinese GB 17930-2013, and Chinese for M30 fuel DB14/T614. The results showed that an environmentally produced gasoline, sample 3, has an octane rating by the research method (98.8) and the motor method (89) and corresponds to the “Super” gasoline brand. In addition, compositions meet the basic requirements for motor gasoline according to the previous standards. An induction period value of the produced gasoline is more than 480 min and also satisfies previous standard regulations. It is a good indicator that the produced gasoline does not form gum during the storage. Finally, the use of alternative motor gasoline allows for the decrease of the use of non-renewable mineral resources and a reduction of the negative impact on the environment when using it in internal combustion engines. Furthermore, the use of gasoline Fischer–Tropsch as a hydrocarbon base for alternative fuels can be considered as a potential promising option for producing an automobile gasoline.

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