Tamburic-Ilincic, L., Wragg, A. and Schaafsma, A. 2015. Mycotoxin accumulation and Fusarium graminearum chemotype diversity in winter wheat grown in southwestern Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 931–938. Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum is a serious disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the mycotoxin most commonly detected in contaminated wheat grain in Ontario. A chemotype shift from 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON) to 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) has been reported in some parts of North America. The objectives of this study were to investigate the mycotoxins accumulation and Fusarium graminearum chemotype diversity in different winter wheat cultivars grown in southwestern (SW) Ontario. Twenty winter wheat grain samples from SW Ontario were tested for DON concentrations in 2008, 24 in each of 2009 and 2010, 42 in 2011 and 36 in 2013 growing seasons. DON levels in grain ranged from none detected to 33 parts per million (ppm). The highest averaged levels of DON were detected in the 2013 season (19.8 ppm at Centralia, 11.8 ppm at Inwood and 4.1 ppm at Ridgetown). In addition to total DON, H-T2, T-2 and nivalenol mycotoxins were detected in low concentrations in a small number of samples collected in 2009 and/or 2013. The 15-ADON analogs were detected at approximately 1.5% of the total DON in harvested wheat grain in 2013. Ninety-seven percent of F. graminearum isolates, tested in 2010 using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, were 15-ADON chemotype, while just 3% of isolates were the 3-ADON chemotype. Overall, there was no evidence in this study to support a shift from 15-ADON to 3-ADON chemotypes of F. graminearum in SW Ontario in 2010. It is recommended to continue monitoring mycotoxin accumulation and F. graminearum chemotype diversity so any changes can be detected early and addressed.

. 2015. Optimizing inputs for winter durum wheat in Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 361Á368. Best management practices need to be determined for a new wheat class in Ontario: winter durum. The objectives of this study were to determine optimal nitrogen rates (75, 100, and 125 . Grain yields did not increase with N rates higher than 100 kg N ha(1 , and the response to N rate did not depend on the application of fungicides. Grain protein concentrations increased with N rates up to 125 kg N ha(1 , which was the highest N rate investigated in this study. An economic analysis is needed to determine the impact of agronomic management strategies specific to winter durum wheat in Ontario. Le rendement grainier n'augmente pas avec le taux d'application des engrais azote´s une fois que celui-ci de´passe 100 kg de N par hectare, et la re´action a`la quantite´d'engrais applique´e ne de´pend pas de l'usage de fongicides. La concentration de prote´ines dans le grain augmente avec le taux d'application des engrais N jusqu'a`125 kg de N par hectare, taux le plus e´leve´examine´dans le cadre de cette e´tude. Il faudrait entreprendre une analyse e´conomique pour ve´rifier l'impact des strate´gies agronomiques particulie`res a`la culture du ble´dur d'hiver en Ontario.

Tamburic-Ilincic, L., Smid, A. and Griffey, C. 2012. OAC Amber winter durum wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 973Á975. OAC Amber is the first winter durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum L.) cultivar registered for Ontario, Canada. It is an awned wheat with amber colored kernels, high test weight, kernel weight, and protein level with good winter hardiness. OAC Amber has good resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) but is moderately susceptible to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) and leaf blotch (Septoria tritici), and susceptible to Fusarium head blight (FHB). OAC Amber is well adapted for the winter wheat growing areas of Ontario.

Tamburic-Ilincic, L. and Smid, A. 2015. Marker soft red winter wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 1029Á1031. Marker is a soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar registered for Ontario, Canada. It has high grain yield, with good pastry quality and is moderately resistant to Fusarium head blight. Marker is well adapted to the winter wheat growing areas of Ontario.

Tamburic-Ilincic, L. and Smid, A. 2015. UGRC Ring, soft red winter wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 1033Á1035. UGRC Ring is a soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar registered for Ontario, Canada. It has high grain yield, with good pastry quality (high flour yield, high falling number) and is moderately resistant to powdery mildew. UGRC Ring has good winter hardiness and is well adapted for the winter wheat growing areas of Ontario.