This paper presents the results of long-term observations of the fieldfare breeding biology in the South Minusinsk basin. The observations were carried out at two sites in floodplain habitats of the Abakan River basin. Comparisons were made with the indicators of the breeding biology of the species in the North-Minusinsk basin, which were published. The fieldfare builds nests on all kinds of woody plants that are found in the floodplain. The time of Turdus pilaris reproduction beginning in the steppe basin varied from the 20th of April to the first five days of May. Differences in the breeding periods of fieldfare in populations from different altitude-belt complexes (steppe and forest-steppe) were revealed. There is a difference in the height of nests on woody plants, depending on the architectonics of the crown, and in areas with varying degrees of concern. Dimensional characteristics of nests and eggs are given. High intrapopulation variability of egg size was noted. The coefficient of variation for the larger and for the smaller diameter was 11-13%. The full clutch consisted of 4-6 eggs. The average clutch size was 4,9-5,2 eggs. Differences in the average size of the masonry on different territories were not revealed. The success rate of nesting in 2021 was high (50-72%).
This paper deals with the species and ecological structure of ornithological complexes on the territories of quarry excavations. The research was carried out in the left-bank part of the South Minusinsk basin. 6 quarries were researched all the year round, 4 quarries were researched incidentally. The quarries were of various purposes (extraction of sand, clay, rubble, storage of domestic garbage), age (from 1 to 15 years) and size (from 1 to 20 hectares). 39 species of birds have been identified, which is more than 15% of the avifauna of the basin. The largest numbers of species (from 4 to 6 each) are the Fringillidae, Corvidae, Sylviidae, Muscicapidae families. The nature of the species stay on the territory has been established. Nesting species have been recorded to be 19, visitors - 20. Only in summer there are 25 species, only in winter there are 7 species, 7 species more are marked on sites both in summer and winter. Dendrophilic and petrophilic species are mainly nested. The nesting of Passer montanus (L.) and Oenanthe oenanthe (L.) was marked on all sites, the nesting of Riparia riparia (L.) was marked on the majority sites. Most species are synanthropic. The species richness of birds is shown to be determined, first of all, by the habitat structure: the presence of vertical soil breaks, stone structures, trees, shrubs, grass cover, reservoirs. The presence of food waste and the nature of the surrounding biotopes are also of particular importance.
Today “Tract Trekhozerki” is a state natural zoological reserve of regional importance. The tract is home to over 100 species of birds, including 12 species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. For five bird species, breeding information was obtained over the period from 2013 to 2018. In two species of gulls (Larus argentatus mongolicus Suskin, 1925 and Larus ichthyaetus), the abundance changes were similar: the number of breeding pairs decreased (in the second species to 0) from 2013 to 2015, and then there was an increase in numbers. The population of Ardea cinerea has decreased. Recurvirostra avosetta breeds irregularly in the tract, with 73 pairs nesting in 2018. For all these species, a decrease in the average size of masonry in years with a low water level was noted. Phalacrocorax carbo at nesting were noted only in 2013 and 2014. The changes in abundance are associated with cyclical fluctuations in the water level in water bodies: a decrease from 2013 to 2015 and a subsequent increase until 2018. This affected the availability of nests, the area of habitats suitable for nesting, and species competition. For species of birds listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation (L. ichthyaetus and R. avosetta), the high, but not the maximum degree of watering observed in 2013 and 2018 is most favorable.
This paper presents the results of observations on the state of two bird species populations listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation Recurvirostra avosetta L., Larus ichthyaetus Pall. The populations of these species in the State Natural Reserve Tryochozyorki Tract have been studied by the authors for 8 years. The wetland is a key ornithological area of international importance. The paper presents information obtained in 2020, which has been compared with the information received in 20132018 which was published. For R. avosetta L. the maximum number of breeding pairs (127) and the maximum value of the average clutch size (3,6) were noted for the entire observation period. The reproduction of R. avosetta L. started earlier than in previous years. For L. ichthyaetus L. a relatively high number (no less than 280300 pairs) and also the maximum value of the clutch size (3,0) were noted, the breeding time of the species turned out to be typical for this territory. The analysis showed a favorable state of the populations of these species. The previously stated assumption about the relationship of the studied indicators of the nesting biology of these species with the level of water content of the territory was further confirmed.
This paper presents the results of long-term observations of nesting of two species of warblers inhabiting territories with different degrees of urbanization - Sylvia curruca and Phylloscopus collybita . The research was carried out in the steppe and forest-steppe zone of the South Minusinsk basin. Both species are common and nest both in natural habitats and in the built-up part of the city. The lesser whitethroat arranges nests in the shrub layer only. The chiffchaff warbler has nests in a grassy tier in its natural habitats. The authors have revealed differences in the time of nesting in different altitudinal vegetation zones, as well as interspecific differences. The sizes of nests, clutches and eggs for different populations and in different years are determined. These parameters show variability, but no dependence on the environmental situation for them has been revealed. The survival rate of eggs and chicks and the overall efficiency of reproduction are evaluated. All the studied indicators of nesting biology, identified among the two species of warblers, are within the limits characteristic of the species. The differences revealed for populations located in natural and urbanized territories are manifested at the level of behavior of individuals (the nature of the nest location) and at the biocenotic level (the causes of the death of clutches). The authors have found no signs of isolation of urban populations.
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