A new species of the butterfly satyrine subtribe Euptychiina is described: Carminda surpresa sp. nov. This species is apparently restricted to high altitude wet grasslands in southeastern Brazil. The description is based on morphological features, mainly from the wings, and male and female genitalia, and molecular data were also obtained and are used to validate the new species. Information about the geographic distribution, habitat and immature stages morphology is also provided. The systematic position of C. surpresa sp. nov. is discussed based on a molecular analysis which includes all described species of Carminda in addition to other species of Satyrinae.

Memphis Hübner (1819) is the most species‐rich genus among the Neotropical Charaxinae, occurring from southern United States to Argentina. Memphis acidalia (Hübner, 1819; Anaeini), a common and widespread species distributed in all of South America east of the Andes, is part of a complex of superficially similar, and supposedly related, species with high intraspecific variability. Immature stages are fundamental sources of information for Anaeini taxonomy; however, knowledge on immature stages of Memphis is incomplete. Thus, we describe the immature external morphology, biology and behaviour, plus the chaetotaxy of the first instar of M. acidalia victoria (H. Druce, 1877) and provide distinguishing characteristics of its life stages from those of similar sympatric species, namely. Memphis moruus (Fabricius, 1775), Memphis editha (Comstock, 1961), Memphis philumena (Doubleday, 1849) and Memphis oenomais (Boisduval, 1870). In general, the immature stages are similar to other “moruus‐type'' species of Memphis, differing from other species mostly on the co lour patterns of the fifth instar and pupa.

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