Introduction: Environmental contamination by infected canine faeces presents an indirect source of contamination in people. In this research the presence of parasitic elements in canine faeces found in the public areas of Kruševac was examined. Methodology: During May and October 2018, 282 samples were collected from different public areas (ten kindergartens, six public squares and four parks). The examination of faeces was performed by means of direct smear and flotation. For statistical testing of the difference between the frequencies of attributes χ2 test was applied. Results: Out of 282 samples, 221 (78.4%) were positive, of which 17/20 (85.0%) from kindergartens, 125/160 (78.1%) from parks and 79/102 (77.5%) from public squares. The presence of Ancylostomatidae spp. was discovered in 113 (40.1%) samples, Toxocara canis in 82 (29.1%), Dipylidium caninum in 76 (27.0%), Giardia intestinalis in 45 (16.0%), Taenia spp. in 44 (15.6%), Amoeba spp. in 32 (11.3%), Trichuris vulpis in 19 (6.7%), Toxascaris leonina in 18 (6.4%), Strongyloides stercoralis in 17 (6.0%), Isospora spp. in 7 (2.5%) and Cryptosporidium spp. in 3 (1.1%). In May there were 115/141 (81.6%) positive samples, whereas in October there were 106/141 (72.5%) positive ones. No positive sample with three or four parasites was found in October. Conclusions: This study shows that canine faeces from public areas in Kruševac can be the cause of a significant environmental contamination by eggs of canine intestinal parasites as well as of human infections.
This report describes the effects of therapeutic doses of coccidiocid sulphachloropyrazine on enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative systems in haemolysed blood and liver homogenate from broilers (glutathione, glutathione-reductase, glutathione-peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxidedismutase, xantine-oxidase and lipid peroxidation). The in vivo investigation was carried out on 120 heavy-line broilers (Arbor acres) of both sexes. One-day-old broilers were randomly distributed into 2 groups, each numbering 60 individuals of both sexes: Group 1 -control group; Group 2 -group of broilers inoculated with laboratory derived coccidia species on the 21 st day-ofage. When symptoms of coccidiosis appeared (30 th day-of-age), blood sampling and decapitation of 20 chickens were carried out (Group 2a). The remaining broilers were treated with therapeutic doses of sulphachloropyrazine (60 ppm). Decapitation of 20 chickens was carried out after the therapy was concluded (38 th day-of-age -Group 2b). Infection of broilers with coccidia intensified free radical processing in haemolysed blood and liver homogenate. This was evident from the increased levels of lipid peroxidation and the catalytic activity of almost all examined enzymes (SOD, GSHPx and Px). Therapeutic doses of sulphachloropyrazine inhibited free-radical activity induced by disease and establishing of physiological values of lipid peroxidation and catalase activity of examined enzymes.
Recent studies of interactions between the brain and immune system cells, as well as reports of bioeffects from artificial electromagnetic sources too weak to exert thermal effects, suggest that biophysical communication may exist between them not explained by electrochemical action. We report here that a human donor's endogenous electric fields protect his lymphocyte viability in vitro. The endogenous fields of a healthy male donor were introduced into a cell culture via a gold wire for 7 h overnight and the cells' viability compared by trypan blue exclusion, with nonexposed cells cultured similarly. Cells exposed to their donor's endogenous fields remained significantly more viable compared with unexposed cells. However, when cells were exposed to the endogenous fields of a nondonor, viability was no different from that of unexposed controls. We conclude that endogenous electric fields, observed in all living organisms, perform a previously unsuspected but important role in cellular immune system surveillance.
Conventional method of honey production is widely spread in the area of western Serbia. Despite the advantages of honey production in an organic manner, beekeepers are still hesitant to take this step, regardless of the difficulties with placement of such honey on the foreign market, so their products are mainly sold on the domestic market. Besides the undeniable nutritional value, honey produced in the conventional way with proper use of agro technical measures and implementation of the wide range of products in the treatment of bee diseases, in its composition very often contain residues of hazardous chemical compounds, pesticides, antibiotics. Research on four qualitative differences of the content of certain substances between the conventional and organic honey producers has been conducted in western Serbia. The research obtained five manufacturers, out of which two were engaged in organic manner of production, while the remaining three dealt with the conventional honey production. After examining the area and the apiaries in question, interviews with honeybee producers, the sampling of honey took place. Upon performed analysis, it was concluded that one conventionally produced sample of honey was not safe for human consumption, due to presence of pesticides.
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