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Children, adolescent and young adult (CAYA) males with cancer are at an increased risk for infertility, if their treatment adversely impacts reproductive organ function. Future fertility is a primary concern of patients and their families. Variations in clinical practice are barriers to the timely implementation of fertility preserving interventions. The PanCareLIFE consortium in collaboration with the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group (IGHG) reviewed the current literature and developed a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for fertility preservation in male CAYA cancer patients diagnosed before age 25 years, including guidance on risk assessment and available fertility preservation methods. The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology was used to grade the evidence and recommendations. Recognizing the need for global consensus, this CPG used existing evidence and international expertise to develop transparent, easy-touse and rigorously-developed recommendations that can facilitate the care of CAYA males with cancer at risk of fertility impairment and enhance their quality of life.

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Specific protocols define eligibility, conditioning, donor selection, graft composition and prophylaxis of graft vs. host disease for children and young adults undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). However, international protocols rarely, if ever, detail supportive care, including pharmaceutical infection prophylaxis, physical protection with face masks and cohort isolation or food restrictions. Supportive care suffers from a lack of scientific evidence and implementation of practices in the transplant centers brings extensive restrictions to the child's and family's daily life after HSCT. Therefore, the Board of the Pediatric Diseases Working Party (PDWP) of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) held a series of dedicated workshops since 2017 with the aim of initiating the production of a set of minimal recommendations. The present paper describes the consensus reached within the field of infection prophylaxis.