In this work, the effects of ligand field strength as well as the metal coordination geometry on magnetic anisotropy of pentacoordinated Co complexes have been investigated using a combined experimental and theoretical approach. For that, a strategic design and synthesis of three pentacoordinate Co complexes [Co(bbp)Cl]·(MeOH) (1), [Co(bbp)Br]·(MeOH) (2), and [Co(bbp)(NCS)] (3) has been achieved by using the tridentate coordination environment of the ligand in conjunction with the accommodating terminal ligands (i.e., chloride, bromide, and thiocyanate). Detailed magnetic studies disclose the occurrence of slow magnetic relaxation behavior of Co centers with an easy-plane magnetic anisotropy. A quantitative estimation of ZFS parameters has been successfully performed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Both the sign and magnitude of ZFS parameters are prophesied well by this DFT method. The theoretical results also reveal that the α → β (SOMO-SOMO) excitation contributes almost entirely to the total ZFS values for all complexes. It is worth noting that the excitation pertaining to the most positive contribution to the ZFS parameter is the d → d excitation for complexes 1 and 2, whereas for complex 3 it is the d → d excitation.

We have designed and theoretically studied three different pairs of green fluorescent protein chromophores and their different homologue-based diradicals coupled with imino nitroxides. To begin with, the geometries of all these diradicals have been optimized at high spin (HS) state in the gas phase, in a water medium and in a blood plasma medium. The process of calculations is straightforward and well-established in the case of the gas phase. However, for calculations in water, we have adopted our own N-layer integrated molecular orbital and molecular mechanics (ONIOM) method. Similarly for the blood phase calculations, the polarized continuum model (PCM) method has been adopted. With these optimized geometries the magnetic exchange coupling constant (J) values are estimated for these diradicals in different media using the broken symmetry (BS) approach in an unrestricted DFT framework. In order to obtain the BS solutions in the ONIOM method, we have carried out ONIOM-BS, where the BS calculations are done for the inner high-level layer (diradical system) keeping the outer water layer at low level. In a similar fashion, a PCM-BS technique has also been adopted for the BS calculations in the PCM method. We have found that these diradicals have an ability to change their magnetic nature from antiferromagnetic in the trans form to ferromagnetic in the cis form upon irradiation of light with the appropriate wavelength. Using a time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) technique, the required wavelengths of light by which non-fluorescent dark trans diradicals turn into their corresponding bright fluorescent cis isomers are determined for each pair of diradicals for the gas and water media. This color change is indeed a signature of the change in magnetic state of the diradicals concerned. Here, we have also calculated the zero field splitting (ZFS) parameter (D), rhombic ZFS parameter (E) and ZFS magnitude (a2). From our calculations we ambitiously expect that if these diradicals are synthesized then they might be used as a successful, non-hazardous magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent (MRICA) in place of other metal-based contrast agents.

Magnetic anisotropy of a set of octahedral Cr(III) complexes is studied theoretically. The magnetic anisotropy is quantified in terms of zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameter D, which appeared sensitive toward ligand substitution. The increased π-donation capacity of the ligand enhances the magnetic anisotropy of the complexes. The axial π-donor ligand of a complex is found to produce an easy-plane type (D > 0) magnetic anisotropy, while the replacement of the axial ligands with π-acceptors entails the inversion of magnetic anisotropy into the easy-axis type (D < 0). This observation enables one to fabricate a single molecule magnet for which easy-axis type magnetic anisotropy is an indispensable criterion. The equatorial ligands are also found to play a role in tuning the magnetic anisotropy. The magnetic anisotropy property is also correlated with the nonlinear optical (NLO) response. The value of the first hyperpolarizability varies proportionately with the magnitude of the ZFS parameter. Finally, it has also been shown that a rational design of simple octahedral complexes with desired anisotropy characteristics is possible through the proper ligand selection.

A systematic characterization of Cu 2 O nanoclusters using classical electrodynamics and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is performed to investigate their response to light with the alteration of size and symmetry. Absorption and scattering play a crucial role in tuning the surface plasmon resonance (SPR), which is the focal feature of optoelectronic properties. In larger dimensions the SPR is found to be strongly influenced by scattering and in smaller NPs it is dominated by absorption. A blue shift of the SPR peak is observed with decreasing cluster size. The optical properties of Cu 2 O nanoclusters are also affected by the symmetry aspect. With the variation of size and symmetry the associated surface structure and band gap are also varied. The TDDFT calculation is performed to explore the impact of these two fundamental factors on the optoelectronic nature of (Cu 2 O) n clusters.The TDDFT study on Cu 2 O nanoclusters reveals the nature of electronic excitations in photoirradiated (Cu 2 O) n clusters for n ¼ 1, 2, and 3. The transitions involved in (Cu 2 O) n are basically categorized as ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT) and metal to metal charge transfer (MMCT) processes. The change in absorption with varying cluster dimension and symmetry is found to be critically controlled by the relative probabilities of LMCT and MMCT processes. A competing surface reconstruction effect and occupied-virtual energy gap are also found to govern the SPR pattern of the Cu 2 O nanoclusters. All of these observations provide an appropriate guideline to tune SPR of Cu 2 O NPs for specific applications.

The domain of aromaticity spans a wide range of molecules, from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocycles to all-metal systems. Here, in silico we demonstrate the aromaticity in CBF, extending beyond the limit of conventional aromatic molecules. This molecule gains the magic number of six π-electrons through an unusual electronic contribution from exo-cyclic atoms. The stability of the molecule is established through density functional theory, ab initio calculations as well as molecular dynamics simulation.

Aromaticity is a multidimensional concept and not a directly observable. These facts have always stood in the way of developing an appropriate theoretical framework for scaling of aromaticity. In the present work, a quantitative account of aromaticity is developed on the basis of cyclic delocalization of π-electrons, which is the phenomenon leading to unique features of aromatic molecules. The stabilization in molecular energy, caused by delocalization of π-electrons is obtained as a second order perturbation energy for archetypal aromatic systems. The final expression parameterizes the aromatic stabilization energy in terms of atom to atom charge transfer integral, onsite repulsion energy and the population of spin orbitals at each site in the delocalized π-electrons. An appropriate computational platform is framed to compute each and individual parameter in the derived equation. The numerical values of aromatic stabilization energies obtained for various aromatic molecules are found to be in close agreement with available theoretical and experimental reports. Thus the reliable estimate of aromaticity through the proposed formalism renders it as a useful tool for the direct assessment of aromaticity, which has been a long standing problem in chemistry.

SARS-CoV-2 causes complex effects on microvascular homeostasis that potentially contribute to organ dysfunction and coagulopathies. SARS-CoV-2 binds to, and causes downregulation of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on cells that it infects.

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