Pseudocirrhosis is a rare hepatic complication of chemotherapy, which is morphological changes in hepatic contour that closely mimic cirrhosis. Like in classic cirrhosis, portal hypertension is common in patients with this condition. The mechanism of pseudocirrhosis is unknown to date. We report three cases of pseudocirrhosis arising in the setting of regression of breast cancer liver metastases. All the cases underwent systemic chemotherapy, and all had remarkable responses. Their hormone receptor statuses were all positive and Her2/neu statuses were all negative. They were all treated with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent and also hormone therapy. This report suggests clinicians should have pseudocirrhosis in mind when hormone therapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy are jointly administered.
the breast cancer (BC) subtypes and the pathological complete response (pCR) rates following neoadjuvant anthracycline/taxane-based chemotherapy in BRCA1/BRCA2/ PALB2-PM BC. Results: 451 women were tested. PM and a VUS were found in 60 (12.7%) and 42 (8.9%) patients, respectively. Among PM cases, 37 (62%) had BC and 23 (38%) had OC. The PMs identified in BC were BRCA2 (35.1%), BRCA1 (21.6%), PALB2 (24.3%), TP53 (8.1%), ATM (5.4%), BRIP1 (2.7%) and PTEN (2.7%). All women with PALB2 PM had BC. Within BRCA2-PM BC, the most common subtype was Luminal B (54%), followed by triple-negative (23%), Luminal A (15%) and HER2-positive (8%). Within cases with BRCA1-PM BC, the most common subtype was triple-negative (88%) followed by Luminal B (12%). Within cases with PALB2-PM BC, the most common subtype was Luminal B (56%), followed triple-negative (33%) and Luminal A (11%). Interestingly, within patients BRCA1/BRCA2/PALB2-PM BC (n ¼ 30), only 1 (3.3%) case had HER2þ BC. Following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 11 of 17 (58%) cases with BRCA1/BRCA2/PALB2-PM BC achieved a pCR. Within cases with OC, PM identified were BRCA2 (39.1%), BRCA1 (39.1%), TP53 (4.3%), BRIP1 (4.3%), CHEK2 (4.3%), RAD51D (4.3%) and MSH6 (4.3%). Conclusions: Our in-house clinical guidelines detect >10% of tested cases with HBOC. Non-BRCA1/2 PM are found in 35% of the cases. BRCA1/BRCA2/PALB2-PM BC is associated with aggressive tumor biology and high chemotherapy sensitivity.
An 83-year-old woman underwent mastectomy for breast cancer of the right breast in 2008. In addition to hormone therapy and irradiation, zoledronate was started for bone metastasis 6 months postoperatively. Five years after the operation, the patient developed osteonecrosis of the jaw, and underwent sequestrectomy because of uncontrollable pain in the mandible. The patient visited our hospital for a 1-week history of fever and right facial swelling with pain, and was diagnosed with right mandibular cellulitis. Despite antibiotic therapy, the patient fell into shock. Follow-up computed tomography showed gas formation extending down to the posterior mediastinum, which was compatible with descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM). The patient succumbed to septicemia on the third hospital day. The mortality rate of DNM greatly increases in patients with advanced cancer because clinicians cannot perform radical treatment due to the impaired general condition and limited life expectancy. DNM advances by the hour; therefore, repeated computed tomography is essential when antibiotic therapy does not improve the patient's condition. Attention must be paid to detect signs of DNM in such patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in English regarding DNM caused by bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw.
Purpose: In patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for breast cancer, the positive margin rate has reportedly reduced from 15%-50% to 6%-19% by the addition of intraoperative margin assessment (IMA). Previous reports have suggested that imprint cytology (IC) is superior to frozen section (FS) because the former can assess the entire circumference of surgical margins, although its precision is inferior to that of FS. In contrast, FS cannot evaluate the entire circumference of surgical margins and may result in sampling errors in the detection of positive margins. To date, reports on IMA have described only the single use of IC or FS. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to elucidate the effect of IC followed by FS for IMA in BCS by comparing the positive margin rate with that of permanent section (PS). Patients and Methods: We enrolled a total of 522 cases which underwent BCS without neoadjuvant therapy between January 2013 and April 2019. The entire circumference of surgical margins was subjected to IC. Upon obtaining negative IC results, no other procedure was added for IMA. FS was only added for the cases with “positive” or “suspicious” IC results. We performed additional intraoperative excision for FS-positive sites of lesions and did not add any procedure for IMA. All margins were evaluated by postoperative PS after excision. We defined “PS positive” as the exposure of cancer cell for invasive ductal carcinoma and close margin less than 2 mm for non-invasive ductal carcinoma (DCIS) based on the Society of Surgical Oncology and American Society of Radiation Oncology guidelines (2014/2016). Cases diagnosed as IC positive but not subjected to additional intraoperative excision based on FS-negative findings were defined as “IC false positive.” We then compared the results of PS with those of IC and FS. In addition, we evaluated the association between clinicopathological factors and PS-positive or IC-false-positive diagnosis by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Of 522 cases, 136 (26.1%) were IC positive and 386 (73.9%) were IC negative. Among the 386 cases not subjected to FS for IMA because of IC-negative diagnosis, 11 (2.8%) were PS positive. In 47 (34.6%) of 136 IC-positive cases, additional intraoperative excision was unnecessary due to FS-negative diagnosis. Postoperative PS revealed that all of these 47 cases were PS negative. Although we performed additional intraoperative excision, 5 cases remained PS positive. There was no association between PS-positive diagnosis and clinicopathological factors. In univariate analysis, premenopausal status and DCIS significantly increased the IC-false-positive diagnosis risk (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.014, respectively). Multivariable analysis revealed that premenopause was a significant risk factor for IC-false-positive diagnosis (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.13-0.56; p< 0.001). The overall positive margin rate on final pathology based on PS was 3.1% (16/522 cases). Conclusion: The proposed method is the best method to compensate for the individual weak points of IC and FS. Because upon finding margin-positive lesions on IC, FS were added to the lesions. Our findings indicate that the proposed strategy should be an optimal method for taking advantages of both IC and FS. As a result, the positive margin rate using our strategy was extremely low compared with that reported in previous studies. Citation Format: Tamaki Tamanuki, Maki Namura, Tomoyoshi Aoyagi, Tomoko Suwa, Shinichirou Shimizu, Hiroshi Matsuzaki. Effect of intraoperative imprint cytology followed by frozen section for margin assessment in breast-conserving surgery [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-13-03.
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