This article presents a study on the performance characteristics of a Francis turbine operating with various guide vane openings to determine the best operating point based on unit quantities. The guide vane openings were specified based on the width between the vanes at their exit, i.e., 10 mm, 13 mm, 16 mm, and 19 mm. The performance characteristic curves of the Francis turbine—head versus speed, torque versus speed, discharge versus speed, and efficiency versus speed—were obtained at various input power and guide vane openings. From these data, unit curves were plotted and the corresponding best efficiency points were obtained. The highest efficiency of 50.25% was obtained at a guide vane opening of 19 mm. The values of head, discharge, speed, and output power at BEP were 7.84 m, 13.55 lps, 1250 rpm, and 524 W, respectively.
Building introduction is a critical structure thought, mostly concerning based on the wind and radiation from the sun. In transcendently hot humidity based locations like Malaysia where the sunlight is existing overall year which gets daylight all year around, structures of the buildings have to be situated to limit sunlight based gain and amplify regular ventilation. This paper represents an investigate on the impact of building introduction based on the absorption of sun radiation at outside divider, shifter zone proportion at the coated window and regular ventilation during the working in humidity locations. The Raman building is located in AEC Campus, Penang which is a mechanical business building, constructed in the form of east west ways. For the contextual investigation the both east and west bearing rooms were considered. By utilizing the lumberjack BABUC/M, the contrast among the “in” and “out” speed and temperature of the air in both of the rooms were calculated which information’s have been dissected and researched. The outcome of this study demonstrated that the indoor temperature is expanded based on the impact of the east window which is better than west window. The west window is identified as suitable for the ventilated or unventilated rooms.
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