BackgroundCancelation of same-day surgery is a common global problem, wasting valuable hospitals’ operating room (OR) times and imposing significant economic costs. There is limited evidence to support the association between frequency of same-day surgery cancelation and patient demographics, time-related variables, healthcare provider reasons for cancelation, and clinical procedures in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to explore this relationship, providing an understanding of the local context.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study that retrieved medical records to examine the association between the frequency of same-day surgery cancelation and covariates including patient demographics, time-related variables, healthcare provider reason for cancelation, and clinical procedures. The data covered from January 2014 to December 2014 at King Fahad National Guard Hospital in Riyadh. We considered 440 patients that met the inclusion criteria for final analysis. The cancelation was regarded less frequent if a patient canceled once in the12 months and more frequent if a patient canceled two times or more in the same period. We used descriptive statistics to summarize data and employed a probit regression to estimate the association of frequency of same-day surgery cancelation and covariates via maximum likelihood method. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center granted the institutional approval.ResultsOur study suggests that while reasons of unavailability of OR time were associated with less frequent same-day surgery cancelation, scheduling issues were linked to more frequent cancelations, compared with reasons for patients being unwell on the day of surgery. Waiting time of more than six hours and morning sessions were associated with less frequent cancelations compared to shorter waiting time and afternoon sessions. Compared to general procedures, specialized clinical procedures were associated with cancelations that are more frequent. Further, female patients were more likely to have more cancelations. Finally, being married was associated with the less frequent cancelation of same-day surgery.ConclusionOur findings provide evidence of determinants of the frequency of same-day surgery cancelations. This study draws several important implications for hospitals, especially on optimal utilization of resources and minimization of same-day surgery cancellations. The study also offers several recommendations that we believe will spur future research.

Background: otitis media (OM) also known as middle ear disease is an inflammation of the middle ear cleft, where infection leads to the effusion of fluids into the middle ear. In developing countries, otitis media is the main cause of hearing impairment. There are several factors that enhance the presence of otitis media, including genetic, environmental and demographic. Aim of the study: this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of otitis media in adults. Methods: this study included 117 participants and it based on an online survey, the survey was divided into two parts. The data were collected in excel sheet and analyzed by SPSS. Results: the prevalence rate of OM was 40.2%, there were significance differences between health individuals and OM patients regarding chronic diseases (P value=0.01) and allergy (P value=0.001). Conclusion: the prevalence of OM was low, chronic disease and allergy were risk factors for OM.

Background: Dyslipidemia is defined as defect or over production of lipoprotein, it is a consequence of obesity. Dyslipidemia can result in several complications and diseases including stroke, cardiovascular diseases and arthrosclerosis. The prevalence of both obesity and dyslipidemia are increasing as a result of change in dietary content and change in life styles. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in obese patients. Methods: The study included 150 participants who were divided into 2 groups; the obese group and nonobese group. Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides were estimated for all individuals. Results: There were 90 obese person and 60 non-obese individuals. The mean± SD of TC for non-obese participants and obese was 191±12.7 mg/dl and 234.5±14.2 mg/dl respectively (P-value=0.04), while for LDL was 97.2± 5.4 mg/dl for non-obese and 166± 7.3 mg/dl for obese (P-value=0.02). Triglycerides mean ± SD for non-obese was 117.7±5.3 mg/dl and for obese was 160.7±12.4 mg/dl (P-value=0.012), regarding HDL mean± SD was 117.7± 7.2 mg/dl for non-obese and 160.8± 12.6 mg/dl for obese individuals (P-value=0.044). Conclusion: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was high in obese patients and the most common type was hypertriglyceridemia.

Background: appendicitis is the inflammation of appendix which requires appendectomy for treatment. Appendectomy involves the surgical removal of the appendix. Early diagnosis and early appendectomy performing results in a good outcome of the surgery. The traditional strategy was an open surgery, while the modern one is laparoscopic appendectomy. However both have complications. Aim of the work: this study aimed to investigate the predictors of length stay, complications and patient satisfaction after performing an appendectomy. Methods: this study based on a simple online survey which composed of 2 parts. The data were collected using an excel sheet and analyzing data were performed using SPSS. Results: complication after surgery included presence of abscess which represented 88.7%, suffering from complications which represented 69.3% and wound infection which represented 5.7%. The range of hospital stay was 1 to 10 days with a mean± SD of 3.9± 2.4 days. 39.6% of participants had good satisfaction, 35.8% had very good satisfaction, 15.1% and 9.4% had a fair and bad level of satisfaction. Males had mean± SD of hospital stay = 4.69 days, while females had mean± SD 2.9 days. Mean ± SD of hospital stay for patients with chronic diseases was 5.14±2.34, while for those without chronic diseases it was 3.56±2.31. Conclusion: the most common complication for appendectomy was abscess after the operation, individuals reported good level of satisfaction. Male gender had chronic disease were associated with longer hospital stay.

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease is a global public health issue, with increasing incidence. It consists wide spectrum of renal conditions that lead to progressive decline in renal function and abnormal GFR. Liver disorders are common among chronic kidney diseases. LFT's particularly play a vital role in the diagnosis and monitoring CKD patients. Currently, eGFR considered being the most valuable parameter for diagnosing CKD. But it has some limitations, it is not done routinely in apparently healthy people, secondly, GFR has different normal values for different ethnic groups so the formulae for calculating eGFR being used in west might not be applicable in eastern population and vice versa. Objectives: This study was carried out to compare hepatic enzymes of patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease. Materials and methods: A total of 257 persons were recruited. Cases were divided into two subgroups based on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Subgroup 1: 85 Cases had GFR <15, subgroup 2: 99 cases with GFR > 15 and Subgroup 3: 73 normal healthy controls. The hepato-renal profile was done for all cases and controls. Results: Hepatic transferases in the patients undergoing dialysis fell into the normal range. But the same enzymes showed a marked elevation in the patients with chronic kidney disease having non-invasive treatment. Alkaline phosphatase showed mark elevation for both groups A and B as compared to normal controls.