Aromatic azo compounds have been reported as organic active materials of sodium-ion and lithium-ion batteries owing to the redox reaction of azo groups (NN) and the introduction of insoluble groups. In this study, we investigated a method to realize both high capacity and good cycle performance of sodium-ion batteries by combining aromatic azo compounds with redox-active atoms insoluble in the electrolyte. Moreover, the metal–organic framework (MOF) CPL-4 ([Cu2(pzdc)2(azpy)], pzdc = pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylate, azpy = 4,4-azopyridine, pore size: 10 × 6 Å2) was investigated as a cathode-active material for sodium-ion and lithium-ion batteries based on the redox reactions of Cu2+/Cu+ and NN/N–N. In addition to evaluating the battery performance, the reaction mechanism of CPL-4 was elucidated through ex situ X-ray diffraction and operando X-ray absorption fine structure. First, Na+ ions were inserted deeply into the CPL-4 particles, although Li+ ions were stored only on the surface of the CPL-4 particles. Second, during charging/discharging processes, CPL-4 exhibited reversible crystal structural changes and redox reactions of Cu2+/Cu+. The MOFs containing aromatic azo linkers showed interesting redox behavior as cathode-active materials for sodium-ion batteries. These findings will contribute to the design of cathode-active materials for high-performance sodium-ion batteries.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.