*+ $ù RST%&26 \b *+ 7Ö î ×H288 789 7Ö î *+ 9:7 8C& ,;<=>2 8 9 a c? 0*+ 9:78C& @642789
7Ö09 \ 78 ABó x789 CD} ÞE5FGH/Na93ab a`p¡' "$1 9789ìí7/CD0EÞ*0N`9 78C& 9ab 0`3 I02J S¤0c f 134K0Ra93789L ¹# ì aeMN O;P5±b 8 8 9 a cd 5 H bS¤0QRóô078\bp¡¬ ae1W b010Sb Abstract Air-water tests on counter-current flow limitation (CCFL) were carried out using vertical pipes with the diameter of D=20 mm and a sharp lower edge which simulated the lower part of U-tubes in a steam generator. Flow patterns were observed to identify the location of CCFL occurrence, and effects of the pipe length L and the water level in the upper tank h on CCFL were measured under the conditions of L=100-700 mm and h=100-600 mm. As a result, CCFL appeared at the upper end under the conditions of L/D=5 and h/D=5, but at the lower end for L/D≧15 and h/D=5~30. In the case of the CCFL occurrence at the lower end, L and h did not affect CCFL characteristics. Using the Wallis parameters, J G
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